BIOL 105 Lecture Notes - Dehydration Reaction, Cardiovascular Disease, Triglyceride
Document Summary
Polymer - long molecule of many similar building blocks. Enzymes - specialized macromolecules that speed up chemical reactions. Dehydration synthesis - two or more monomers bond together through a loss of a water molecule. Very among cells of organism, species, and even create different species. Carbohydrates - polymers used for cell construction and energy storage. Monosaccharides - simple monomer sugar used to build polysaccharides. Serve as major fuel sources for cells. Disaccharide - formed through dehydration synthesis between two monosaccharides. Glycosidic linkage - covalent bond between two monosaccharides. Polysaccharides - polymer sugars with storage or structural role. Starch - plant storage polymer for glucose sugars. Glycogen - animal storage polymer for glucose. Cellulose - plant structural polymer for cell walls; either a or b rings. Enzymes in human digestion only hydrolyze a linkages; b linkages pass through as insoluble fiber. Chitin is a structural component for exoskeletons and fungal cell walls.
