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  1. Describe what is meant by a library routine and suggest reasons why using su h a routine is of benefit to a programmer

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Suppose a student, Bob, connects his laptop to an Ethernet cable in his school’s library and opens a web page (e.g., the home page of google.com). The Ethernet cable is connected to the school’s router, which in turn is connected to Internet. Describe the network protocols that will be executed and involved in this process of opening the web page. (You can make reasonable assumptions when answering this question, if needed.)

9. Finally, you should write a program MontrealMaps which will suggest a path to go along the metro to get from one place to another. The only required method for MontrealMaps is a main method but of course you are allowed to write others. Your program should do the following. For any library methods that you use, make sure that you are properly importing things and handling any exceptions they may throw. (10 points) • Using an appropriate library method, you should create a Subway System object. If this method fails to initialize, you should print the message Error, not enough funding. • Use a Scanner and print statements to read the current x and y position of the user. • Use a Scanner and print statements to read the x and y position that the user wants to go to. . Find the nearest Metro Station to both the start position of the user and his final destination. • If the 2 metro stations have the same name (i.e. are the same metro station) then print It is fastest to walk there. • Otherwise, call the method findPath from the previous part to find a path from these 2 metro stations. . If the method returns null, then print Sorry, there is no path on the metro, you'll have to walk • Otherwise, print the path using the metro using the method printPath defined in the MapUtilities class in the appendix. SUMMARY OF JAVA STANDARD LIBRARY METHODS POR SELECTED CLASSES • String package java.lang) Methods - public boolean gist and e rs is stingeancoject - puble boolean grease Sering another ca t ering String paint i th Stre C h eshilly before the Stripe with striert w Single weiter water N ENE fusha -publish tohy Casting de . File( p age java.io) Methods r eate - publie Yiling path : C • Scanner (package java.ut 1) Method -ple S ule - double Double Sc - le bon when : S Scanner tal de fethede h able othebean - puble String Best Mus eethe u s tepal -pulle haalean haxtLine: Check the hea ther in left PrintStream( p age java.io) Methods pul vaid pri Pribonaat - puli wid pride d oble vile. - pille vaid print Print vei. -pulle vaid printject o: Prints Object -puli vaid printString : Prints String .. - vaid primi The theme line by writing the li n e tie id print in bool bl. Prise n value the - public void platinabled Prints double ved and then the line - public void printit Prints Ent value and then tomis the - Pull vaid pri l l be t he minime publie wild prin t ing with String in the terminates the line • ArrayLiat package java.util) Methods - public boolean Arraybettype was a new ArrayList

3. Consider the following method, which returns the number of times the parameter String word occurs in the parameter array wordArray: public static int countOccurrences (String[] wordArray, String word) { int result; result = 0; for (int i = 0; i < wordArray.length; i++) { if (wordArray[i] == word) { result = result + 1; return result; Unfortunately, the above method contains a bug. This bug causes the method to return 0 instead of the expected value of 2 when it is called in the following code fragment: String[] animalism = { new String ("four"), new String ("legs"), new String ("good"), new String ("two"), new String ("legs"), new String ("bad") }; int count = count Occurrences (animalism, "legs"); System.out.println("Number of occurrences: " + count); Describe what the problem is, and suggest a simple way to fix it. BE BRIEF; overly long answers will be grounds for mark deductions.

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