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chocolatewildebeest735Lv1

28 Sep 2019

2/. Assume that you are the manager of a firm. You are concerned about a potential increase in interest rates because it would reduce the demand for your products. Currently, economic growth is high, but annual inflation has increased from 3 percent to 5 percent within the last six months. The unemployment rate is very low and cannot go higher. The Federal Reserve (Fed) is meeting next week to assess economic conditions and set monetary policy.

A. Given the current economic situation, should the Fed adjust or not adjust economic policy? If so, how? If not, why?

B. Recently, the Fed has allowed the money supply to expand beyond its long-term target range. Does this affect your expectation of what the Fed will decide at its upcoming meeting?

C. Suppose the Fed has just learned that the Treasury will need to borrow a larger amount of funds than originally expected. Explain how this information may affect the degree to which the Fed changes the monetary policy.

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Darryn D'SouzaLv10

28 Sep 2019

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6. Fed Sees both unemployment and prices on the rise.

The federal reserve sees worse economic problems ahead. But even so, the Fed may be reluctant to cut interest rates any further than it already has. The Fed lowered its economic growth forecast for the year. At the same time, it raised its projections for inflation and unemployment. The Fed raised its unemployment forecast to between 5.5 percent and 5.7 percent and now expects personal consumption expenditures to rise between 3.1 percent and 3.4 percent in 2008 and expects steeper "core" inflation. In an effort to keep the country from falling into recession and to deal with the credit crisis, the Fed has cut its key federal funds rate seven times since September. This short-term interest rate is now 2 percent, down from 5.25percent at the start of the Fed's easing campaign. Some believe the Fed cuts since last September helped fuel inflation, especially the sharp run-up in oil prices because the rate cuts have led to a weakening of the dollar. Along those lines, the two Fed members who voted against the last rate cut argued during the meeting that the Fed cuts were hurting the economy more than helping it. CNN, May 21, 2008.

a. Explain the intended effect of the Fed cutting the target federal funds rate from 5.25 percent to 2 percent and illustrate your explanation with appropriate graphical analysis.

b. Explain how this monetary policy may have "helped fuel inflation, especially the sharp run-up in oil prices".

c. What is core inflation and why does the Fed tend to focus on that measurement of inflation more heavily than overall inflation?

d. Explain the dilemma that the Fed is facing when making decisions in the face of rising unemployment and rising inflation.

skytoad901

Each Federal Reserve Bank is

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		a corporation.
		a government owned enterprise.
		a government subsidized entity.
		a government-sponsored enterprise.

A transaction in which the Fed agrees to buy a security one day and sell it back the next day is

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		an overnight securitization operation.
		a repurchase agreement.
		a legal tender.
		a rebate sale.

The Federal Reserve document that states the goals of the FOMC and the target for the federal funds rate is known as the

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		Directive.
		Beige book.
		Bluebook.
		Green book.

How long is the normal term in office for a Governor of the Federal Reserve Board?

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		Five years
		Seven years
		Fourteen years
		Life

The federal funds rate is the interest rate on

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		loans to banks from the Fed.
		loans by banks to the Fed.
		short-term loans between banks.
		Treasury bills.

Expenditures of each Federal Reserve Bank are approved by

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		the U.S. Senate.
		the President of the United States.
		the U.S. Treasury Department.
		the Federal Reserve Board of Governors.

Federal Reserve Banks pay for their central banking operations through

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		government tax revenue.
		interest on the securities they own.
		fees charged to banks that use their services.
		dividends paid by local banks.

When the Fed engages in open-market operations, the transactions are conducted by

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		the Open Market Desk at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
		the Open Market Desk at the Federal Reserve Board in Washington, D.C.
		the National Bureau of Economic Research.
		the Federal Open Market Committee.

In 2006, Chairman Greenspan left the Fed because

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		President Bush wanted him to resign.
		he reached mandatory retirement age.
		his term as Governor expired.
		his term as Chairman expired.

The Federal Reserve publication that discusses forecasts for the economy is known as the

Answer

		Redbook.
		Beigebook.
		Bluebook.
		Greenbook.

The FOMC directive

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		describes forecasts for the economy.
		states the target for the federal funds rate.
		discusses the regional economies around the country.
		shows the Fed's balance sheet.

The chairman of the Federal Reserve Board who reduced the inflation rate from over 10 percent to about 3 percent in the early 1980s was

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		Arthur Burns.
		G. William Miller.
		Paul Volcker.
		Alan Greenspan.

Which Fed chairman ensured the independence of the Federal Reserve in the 1950s?

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		William McChesney Martin
		Arthur Burns
		Paul Volcker
		G. William Miller

There are ____ Federal Reserve Banks.

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		seven
		ten
		twelve
		fifteen

Purchases and sales of government securities in the secondary market are known as

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		discount borrowing and lending.
		federal funds purchases and sales.
		discounting.
		open-market operations.

The monetary base can be divided into

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		currency plus transactions deposits.
		vault cash plus reserves held at the Fed.
		required clearing balances plus currency.
		reserves plus currency.

The Fed does not generally change reserve requirements to affect the money supply because

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		the impact is too large.
		the Fed needs the approval of Congress to do so.
		it's not legal for the Fed to do so.
		the Fed needs the approval of the President of the United States to do so.

The Fed has decided to tighten monetary policy, so it decreases the money supply through

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		defensive open-market operations.
		dynamic open-market operations.
		reduced discount loans for profit.
		reduced discount loans for business needs.

A haircut is

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		the extra collateral the Fed requires above the value of a discount loan.
		the extra principal a commercial bank requires the Fed to pay when making a discount loan.
		the difference between what an investor pays for a bond and what the investor sells the bond for.
		expected personal grooming for a member of the Board of Governors.

Currency held by the nonbank public plus banks' vault cash plus banks' deposits at the Fed equals

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		the Fed's capital stock.
		discount loans.
		the monetary base.
		required clearing balances.

The extra collateral the Fed requires above the value of a discount loan is known as

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		the term premium.
		a haircut.
		a covenant.
		secondary credit.

Currency held by the nonbank public plus banks' reserves equals

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		the Fed's capital stock.
		discount loans.
		the monetary base.
		required clearing balances.

The money supply divided by the monetary base equals

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		the reserve ratio.
		velocity.
		high-powered money.
		the money multiplier.

The main liability on the Federal Reserve's balance sheet is

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		discount loans.
		securities.
		monetary base.
		capital.

A bank in good condition may take out a loan without the Fed questioning the purpose or nature of the loan. Such a loan is known as

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		a no documentation discount loan.
		a haircut.
		a covenant.
		a primary credit discount loan.

If the Open-Market Desk at the Fed buys securities when the federal funds rate is below the primary credit discount rate, the most likely effect is that the

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		federal funds rate decreases.
		primary credit discount rate decreases.
		primary credit discount rate increases.
		federal funds rate increases.

In November and December, people use more currency than usual, so the Fed increases the money supply through

Answer

		defensive open-market operations.
		dynamic open-market operations.
		discount loans for profit.
		discount loans for business needs.

Reserves held by banks at the Fed that earn implicit interest payments in the form of earnings credits for Fed services are known as

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		required clearing balances.
		reserve requirements.
		excess reserves.
		non-transaction deposits.

Required clearing balances

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		pay interest in the form of earnings credits.
		count as reserves and can be used to meet reserve requirements.
		pay interest equal to the federal funds rate minus one percent.
		are required to be held against transactions deposits.

51.The Fed is conducting expansionary monetary policy if it:

A increases the discount rate, buys bonds, and sets a lower target for the federal funds rate.

B decreases the discount rate and sells bonds.

C sets a lower target for the federal funds rate and buys bonds in the open market.

D increases reserve requirements and buys bonds in the open market.

E buys bonds in the open market and raises the discount rate.

52.If banks become concerned about future conditions and decide to hold larger excess reserves, which of the following is a likely result?

A A rise in interest rates

B An increase in bond prices

C An increase in aggregate demand

D An increase in the money supply

E Both C and D

53.The Fed is under no obligation to coordinate its actions with fiscal policy. And in fact, the Fed may take actions specifically designed to counteract some piece of fiscal policy. An example of fiscal and monetary policies with opposite effects is:

A an increase in taxes and increased sales of bonds by the Fed.

B a decrease in government spending and an increase in the discount rate.

C a decrease in taxes and a decrease in the target for the federal funds rate.

D an increase in government spending and an increase in reserve requirements.

E a decrease in taxes and increased purchases of bonds by the Fed.

54.In the fictitious nation of Zagora, a worker can produce either 5 books or 10 televisions in an hour. In neighboring Plovdiv, a worker can produce either 3 books or 5 televisions in an hour. Which statement about this situation is true?

A Zagora has comparative advantage in the production of books.

B Zagora has comparative advantage in the production of televisions.

C Workers in Plovdiv canât possibly compete against the super-productive workers in Zagora.

D Workers in Zagora canât be expected to compete against the low-wage workers in Plovdiv.

E None of the above

55.Given the U.S. has a current account deficit, a large increase in the demand for U.S. computer programs among Japanese residents will have all the following effects except:

A an increase in the exchange rate, expressed in yen per dollar.

B an increase in the U.S. capital account surplus.

C an increase in investment in Japan.

D an decrease in the U.S. trade deficit.

E It may have all the above effects.

56.Fiscal policy affects exchange rates because:

A as government spending increases, the government must buy more and more goods and services from foreign countries.

B as government debt increases, interest rates rise, and the value of the currency rises.

C as government debt increases, interest rates rise, and the value of the currency falls.

D as the money supply increases, interest rates fall, and the value of the currency rises.

E as the money supply increases, interest rates fall, and the value of the currency falls.

57.There are many kinds of trade restrictions, and trade restrictions are put into place for many reasons. Which of the following is not a reason to use trade restrictions?

A To save natural habitats from over-use

B To protect the jobs of workers in certain industries

C To make a political statement regarding the labor policies of another nation

D To compensate for higher taxes placed on domestic producers

E To create a lower prices for domestic consumers

58.If the value of the U.S. dollar in foreign exchange markets rises:

A U.S. exports will become relatively less expensive.

B capital inflows into the United States will increase.

C people in the U.S. will purchase fewer imports.

D U.S. exports will likely decrease.

E All of the above

59.Saying that leakages equal injections give the equation:

A T + S + X = G + I + M

B Y = C + S + T

C Y = C + I + G + X - M

D T + S + M = C + G + I + X

E T + S + M = G + I + X

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