Athletic Shoes (pairs)
Music CDs
United States
10,000
20,000
Great Britain
5,000
15,000
(Table: Production Possibilities for the U.S. and Great Britain) The table shows production possibilities for the United States and Great Britain, assuming that both countries could choose to devote all resources to producing either good. Which statement is correct with regard to the information in the table?
a. The U.S. has a comparative advantage in producing music CDs because it can produce more music CDs than anything else.
b. These countries should not engage in trade with one another, because the transportation costs of these goods are too high.
c. To determine which country has a comparative advantage in either good, we would need to know the monetary measure of production costs for both countries.
d. The U.S. has a comparative advantage in producing athletic shoes because it can do so at a lower opportunity cost.
(Table: Production Possibilities for the U.S. and Great Britain) The table shows production possibilities for the United States and Great Britain, assuming that both countries could choose to devote all resources to producing either good. Which statement is correct with regard to the information in the table? |
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a. The U.S. has a comparative advantage in producing music CDs because it can produce more music CDs than anything else. b. These countries should not engage in trade with one another, because the transportation costs of these goods are too high. c. To determine which country has a comparative advantage in either good, we would need to know the monetary measure of production costs for both countries. d. The U.S. has a comparative advantage in producing athletic shoes because it can do so at a lower opportunity cost. |
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Q2. (35 points) The following table shows the output of textile and auto one unit of labor can produce in the U.K. and the U.S.:
Textiles | Autos | |
United Kingdom | 16 | 4 |
United States | 6 | 3 |
A)Which country has an absolute advantage in textiles and which country has an absolute advantage in autos?
B)What is the autarky price ratio of autos relative to textiles in each country?
C)Which country has a comparative advantage in textiles and which country has a comparative advantage in autos?
D)Which product should each country export?
E)Suppose the United States has 300 units of labor available. Construct the production-possibilities frontier (PPF) and identify the optimal autarky equilibrium (using an indifference curve) for the United States.
F)Suppose the international price is set at 1 auto:3 units of textile and the U.S. decides to completely specialize at producing the product in which it has a comparative advantage. How would the above graph change? Use the graph to show the gains from trade and the export and import quantities. For each unit of export good, how much does the U.S. gain (measured in terms of the other good)?
G)Discussion: At what level of international price ratio will all the benefits from trade accrue to the United States?
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