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Question 1 to 9. Choose TRUE or FALSE. WILL RATE 5 stars for a correct answer

1.

1. Flow of Funds

Direct spending by the government on health care in 2012 was almost $ 4,500.

2.

Flow of Funds

Payments to hospitals and physicians account for about half of all health care spending in 2012.

3.

Flow of Funds

Over the past 100 years, out-of-pocket expenditures for health care services by individuals have decreased from over 75% to less than 5%.

4.

Flow of Funds

Third-party payers account for 60% of all health care expenditures in 2012

5.

Flow of Funds

The dollar amount of health care expenditures paid by charitable organizations and individuals has remained roughly constant over the past 100 years if one adjusts for inflation

 

6. Flow of Funds

Ranking everyone by the amount spent on medical care, 30 percent of the total (all expenditures for all people) is accounted for by the top 1 percent of patients. The top half of the population accounts for 90 percent of total spending. This is mostly due to cost-shifting.
 

7. Flow of Funds

Not only is the share of GDP to health care higher in 2012 than in 1929, but the wages of health care workers have also risen concerning wages of other types of workers. The Flow of Funds idea emphasizes that total dollars spent by individuals, the government, and other third-party payers for health care must equal total income earned by health care providers, administrators, and other health care workers.
 

8. Equity and Distribution

Socioeconomic differences in mortality found in the U.S. are most likely attributable to a lack of universal health insurance coverage.

 

9. Shifting Overhead

When a drug company advertises it will provide a prescription drug at no charge to certain individuals who cannot afford a doctor prescribed drug, costs are most likely being shifted away from individuals who are paying high prices to those who are paying nothing.

 

10. What is Economics?

Which of the following is not an example of the fundamental theorem of exchange?

   

A. You pay a fertility specialist $10,000 to perform an in-vitro fertilization procedure that does not result in pregnancy.
   

B. You donate your old, used eyeglasses to the Lions Club, a charitable organization that recycles and distributes the glasses to needy people.
   

C. You pay a fertility specialist $10,000 to perform in vitro fertilization procedure which results in pregnancy.
   

D. Unknown to you, your neighbor is tapping into your cable tv service and sharing your service.
   

E. You pay your optometrist $500 for a new pair of eyeglasses.

11. What is Economics?

To reduce the ache in your knees when you work out, you buy an elastic knee brace from the pharmacy section at the grocery store. This transaction differs from paying a surgeon to replace your knee joint because
   

A. you require a physician

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Chika Ilonah
Chika IlonahLv10
28 Sep 2019

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Related questions

1. With regard to health care spending patterns, we can say that
 
A. Everybody demands the same basic level of health care
B. Health care spending varies dramatically according to governments willingness to pay for such services
C. Men demand much more medical care than women
D. The elderly need much less health care than adults do
E. Only a few people (less than 5 percent) consume more than half of all health care expenditures
 
2. Which of the following is the best example of a renewable resource?
 
A. Crude petroleum
B. The ozone layer in the atmosphere
C. Library book
D. Minerals
E. Trees
 
3. All of the following are reasons for health care expenditures in the U.S. Rising EXCEPT
A. The government (FDA) restricts entry of drugs to the U.S. Marketplace
B. The demand for health care has risen
C. The federal government has had such a small role in health care
D. The supply of physicians is restricted by the American medical association
E. Health insurance is regulated on a state by state basis so someone cannot buy a less expensive policy from an insurer in another state
 
4. Free market economists argue that
 
A. Markets will not adjust to a demand shock without government intervention
B. Markets will adjust to a demand shock without government intervention
C. Central planners are best equipped to handle external shocks and get the economy back on track
D. It would take the government too long to intervene and get the economy back on track
E. Government intervention is necessary to get the economy back on track
 
5. True or false? The health care restrictions and regulations prevent the entry and exit of firms and prevent the effect of competition on prices.
 
6. True or false? In a market system, those who own the most highly valued resources have the highest incomes.
 
7. True or false? Since consumers do not have to choose whether to use their own money for health care or for something else, the role of price as an allocation mechanism does not work in health care.
 
8. Health economics is important to study for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
 
A. Spending on health care in the U.S. exceeds $2 trillion
B. The elderly are the smallest users of health care, and the young are the major users
C. Only 1% of the population account for almost 30% of total health care expenditures
D. Health care expenditures have risen from 5.9% of GDP in 1965 to over 16% of GDP today
E. None - all of these are true
 
9. An illegal drug dealer will maximize profit by providing and selling the number of drugs where
 
A. Private costs equal social costs
B. The greatest number of consumers can be derived
C. The price is maximized
D. Private property rights are best defined
E. Marginal revenue equals marginal cost

1. Long-term care in the U.S. is:

a. Often provided informally by family and friends.

b. Most effective in the most institutionalized settings possible.

c. Only available to people over 65 years of age.

d. Is financially covered by Medicare for as long as medically necessary.

2. Which is not a reason that costs have increased so dramatically in the U.S.?

a. The growth of technology emphasizes expensive diagnostics and treatments

b. The current system emphasizes preventive care more than reactive medical treatment

c. Multiple payers lead to higher fragmentation and higher administrative costs

d. There is a growing elderly population that utilizes more care

3. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is designed to:

a. Provide free health care to everyone.

b. Be phased out and repealed in 2016.

c. Force everyone in America to buy government-sponsored health insurance.

d. Improve access to health insurance for individuals.

4. New types of health information technologies will:

a. Eliminate the need of doctors and hospitals by the year 2020.

b. Significantly increase the cost of care because it adds more regulations.

c. Can introduce major changes to the way healthcare is managed.

d. Cost more because smartphones are so expensive.

5. Improving the efficiency of care refers to:

a. Mandating lower payments for expensive types of healthcare services.

b. Limiting access to basic services needed by a specific community.

c. Making sure that patients receive exactly the care they want.

d. Achieves the best of possible healthcare outcome at the lowest possible cost.

Question 11 One potential remedy to the tragedy of the commons is to: never allow a single individual to consume more than one percent of the common resource. criminalize the usage of common resources. allow individuals to use a common resource as long as they receive some benefit from doing so. place a common resource under private ownership. 4 points Question 12 As a result of a positional externality: contestants have a tendency to invest in a series of mutually offsetting investments in performance enhancement. there is generally an underinvestment in performance enhancement. the market price of performance enhancement materials is too high. the quality of performance in competitive situations is lower than the socially optimal level. 4 points Question 13 Which of the following statements is true regarding health insurance? Economics shows that all health related procedures should be free to individuals because the health of an individual is priceless. Total economic surplus would be larger if individuals faced an incentive to only use services when the benefit exceeds their costs. Health maintenance organizations provide an incentive for doctors to prescribe expensive nonessential services. First dollar insurance coverage has likely had very little to do with rising healthcare expenditures since World War II. 4 points Question 14 A strategy that yields a higher payoff no matter what the other players in the game choose is known as a: prisoner's strategy. dominated strategy. dominant strategy. Nash strategy. 4 points Question 15 Based on the diagram below, if the costs of hospital care are constant at $200 per day, and the individual does not incur any cost for each day for hospital care, then: the individual will stay 7 days and there will be no loss in economic surplus. the individual will stay 3 days and there will be no loss in economic surplus. the individual will stay 7 days and there will be lost economic surplus. the individual will stay 3 days and there will be lost economic surplus. 4 points Question 16 Economic research by Manning and colleagues suggests that people with deductible health insurance policies: spend substantially less on health care and have substantially worse health outcomes compared to people with first-dollar insurance coverage. spend substantially more on health care and have substantially better health outcomes compared to people with first-dollar insurance coverage. spend basically the same amount on health care and have substantially worse health outcomes compared to people with first-dollar insurance coverage. spend substantially less on health care and have no measurable difference in health outcomes compared to people with first-dollar insurance coverage. 4 points Question 17 An efficient program for reducing pollution is one for which: all polluters incur the same total costs of abatement. all polluters pay the same amount in taxes to the government. all polluters have the same marginal costs of abatement. all polluters reduce their emissions by the same amount. 4 points Question 18 Given the information on pollution abatement costs of the two firms shown below, which of the following is an efficient combination of pollution reduction? Quantity of pollution abatement Firm A's MC of abatement Firm B's MC of abatement 1 $30 $25 2 $35 $30 3 $40 $35 4 $45 $40 Firm A reduces by 1 ton and Firm B reduces by 1 ton. Firm A reduces by 2 tons and Firm B reduces by 3 tons. Firm A reduces by 4 tons and Firm B reduces by 1 ton. 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If the government auctions 200 one ton permits to the highest bidder: Firm A will purchase all 200 permits. Firm B will purchase all 200 permits. each firm will buy 100 tons. there is no way to know who the highest bidder for any permit would equal. 4 points Question 22 As a result of economies of scale, as output expands: fixed costs are decreasing. average total costs are decreasing. marginal costs are increasing. total costs are decreasing. 4 points Question 23 Generally, when countries open their borders to free trade: both domestic producers and consumers of imported goods gain. both domestic producers and consumers of exported goods gain. domestic producers of imported goods and domestic consumers of exported goods gain. domestic producers of exported goods and domestic consumers of imported goods gain. 4 points Question 24 Which of the following is the best example of a tariff? South Korea bans imports of U.S. beef because of safety concerns. 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