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Explain the concepts of consumer surplus and producer surplus, and then use these to demonstrate that a price ceiling is less efficient than equilibrium in a supply and demand analysis. Articulate why the price ceiling results in either a shortage or surplus and then specify which will result. Identify an example of a price ceiling. Given the loss of efficiency, why would the government impose such a price?

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Nusrat Fatima
Nusrat FatimaLv10
28 Sep 2019

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Related questions

Use the accompanying graph to answer these questions. (LO2, LO3, LO4) a. Suppose demand is D and supply is S0. If a price ceiling of $6 is imposed, what are the resulting shortage and full economic price? b. Suppose demand is D and supply is S0. If a price support of $12 is imposed, what is the resulting surplus? What is the cost to the government of purchasing any and all unsold units? c. Suppose demand is D and supply is S0 so that the equilibrium price is $10. If an excise tax of $6 is imposed on this product, what happens to the equilibrium price paid by consumers? The price received by producers? The number of units sold? d. Calculate the level of consumer and producer surplus when demand and supply are given by D and S0 respectively. e. Suppose demand is D and supply is S0. Would a price ceiling of $2 benefit any consumers? Explain.

Under a binding price ceiling, what does the change in consumer surplus represent?
A) The gain in surplus for those buyers who can still purchase the product at the lower price.
B) The loss in surplus for those buyers who previously purchased some units of the good at the higher price, but these units are no longer produced at the lower price.
C) The loss in surplus for those buyers who would like the purchase the excess demand created by the price ceiling policy.
D) Both A and B are correct.
E) Both A and C are correct.

When the market price is held above the competitive level, the deadweight loss is composed of:

A) producer surplus losses associated with units that used to be traded on the market but are no longer exchanged.

B) consumer surplus losses associated with units that used to be traded on the market but are no longer exchanged.
C) producer and consumer surplus losses associated with units that used to be traded on the market but are no longer exchanged.
D) There is no deadweight loss if the government uses a price floor policy to increase the price.

Compared to a tariff, an import quota, which restricts imports to the same amount as the tariff, will leave the country as a whole
A) worse off than a comparable tariff.
B) not as bad off as a comparable tariff.

C) about the same as a comparable tariff.

D) Any of the above can be true.

What is the welfare impact of a subsidy policy?
A) Producer surplus increases, consumer surplus declines, and total welfare declines.
B) Producer and consumer surplus increase, and these gains are larger than the government cost.

C) Producer and consumer surplus increase, and these gains are smaller than the government cost.

D) Producer surplus increases, consumer surplus declines, and total welfare increases due to the subsidy program.

Why is there a deadweight loss associated with subsidy payments?
A) There is no deadweight loss from a subsidy.
B) Quantity supplied is less than the equilibrium amount, so consumers and producers lose surplus value on those units that are no longer produced.
C) Quantity supplied exceeds the equilibrium amount, and consumer willingness to pay for these additional units is smaller than the marginal cost of producing them.
D) The subsidy payment does not distort quantities in the market, but the government cost exceeds consumer willingness to pay for the quantity demanded.

Suppose the demand function for a product is Q= 200 -15P + 4I where P is the per-unit price of the good, I is median household income in thousands of dollars, and Q is the number of units demanded per month. Use the equation and assume that median family income remains at $30,000.

a. If the equation for the supply curve is Q = 40P - 10, calculate the equilibrium price and for this good. How much will be bought and sold?

b. If the government imposes a price ceiling at $5, Will a shortage or surplus result? How large will it be?

c. If the government instead imposes a price ceiling at $11, what will the impact be? Explain.

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