Question:
An organization is has $120,000 to invest and is currently considering a number of alternatives. One investment is to fund production process in which new machines will be purchased. The machines are expected to save production cost which is given below as Annual Income. The machines are expected to be part of the production process for 6 years. The company has a minimum attractive rate of return (MARR) of 10.0% compounded monthly. The following data is available for these new machines:
Alternative Initial investment Annual Income Annual Operation and Maintenance costs Salvage value A 28000 9000 950 4000 B 40000 13000 1100 5700 C 65000 17000 1050 7600 D 80000 20900 1200 12100
This organization has also the option to buy bonds which have the following properties: - Bond is available at unit price of $1,000 - Face value of each bond is $9,00 - Nominal bond rate (nominal coupon rate) is 9.5%. - Bond maturity is 6 years after purchase. - Bond revenues (coupons) are received every month. - Bond is sold at face value at the end of the sixth year.
a] Calculate the Net Present Worth (NPW) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of alternatives A to D.
b] Rank these alternatives (A to D) based on NPW values.
d] Using incremental IRR analysis, rank these four alternatives based on economic feasibility.
e] Using incremental benefit-cost analysis, rank these four alternatives based on economic feasibility.
f] This organization now wants to allocate the investment fund of $120,000. The management is considering a mix of options which involve investing in A, B, C, D, or Bonds. The organization cannot invest twice in any single alternatives A to D. That is, it cannot invest in A twice. However, it can invest in two or more different alternatives. That is, it can invest in A and B. Bonds can also be bought in unlimited quantities. Based on this information, find the best fund allocation plan. Show clearly your calculation steps
Question:
An organization is has $120,000 to invest and is currently considering a number of alternatives. One investment is to fund production process in which new machines will be purchased. The machines are expected to save production cost which is given below as Annual Income. The machines are expected to be part of the production process for 6 years. The company has a minimum attractive rate of return (MARR) of 10.0% compounded monthly. The following data is available for these new machines:
Alternative | Initial investment | Annual Income | Annual Operation and Maintenance costs | Salvage value |
A | 28000 | 9000 | 950 | 4000 |
B | 40000 | 13000 | 1100 | 5700 |
C | 65000 | 17000 | 1050 | 7600 |
D | 80000 | 20900 | 1200 | 12100 |
This organization has also the option to buy bonds which have the following properties: - Bond is available at unit price of $1,000 - Face value of each bond is $9,00 - Nominal bond rate (nominal coupon rate) is 9.5%. - Bond maturity is 6 years after purchase. - Bond revenues (coupons) are received every month. - Bond is sold at face value at the end of the sixth year.
a] Calculate the Net Present Worth (NPW) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of alternatives A to D.
b] Rank these alternatives (A to D) based on NPW values.
d] Using incremental IRR analysis, rank these four alternatives based on economic feasibility.
e] Using incremental benefit-cost analysis, rank these four alternatives based on economic feasibility.
f] This organization now wants to allocate the investment fund of $120,000. The management is considering a mix of options which involve investing in A, B, C, D, or Bonds. The organization cannot invest twice in any single alternatives A to D. That is, it cannot invest in A twice. However, it can invest in two or more different alternatives. That is, it can invest in A and B. Bonds can also be bought in unlimited quantities. Based on this information, find the best fund allocation plan. Show clearly your calculation steps
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Minicase 1
Interest Rates, Bond Yields, and Duration
CONCEPTS IN THIS CASE
simple loans
fixed-payment loans
coupon bonds
present value
yield-to-maturity
current yield
nominal and real interest rates
rate of return
capital gain
interest-rate and reinvestment risk
duration
You have been hired to analyze the debt securities of your organization. The firm has outstanding loans and bonds. A quick review of the balance sheet shows the following:
Liability | Nominal | Years to | |
Selected Liabilities of the firm | |||
Simple Loans | 800 | 5% | 1 |
Fixed-Payment Loans | 5,000 | 12% | 19 |
Long-term Bonds #1 | 500,000 | 10% | 4 |
Long-term Bonds #2 | 1,080,000 | 10% | 10 |
Liabilities Total | 1,585,800 | ||
Market Price for Bond #1 | 930.50 | ||
Market Price for Bond #2 | 859.50 | ||
Face Value of Each Bond | 1,000.00 | ||
Selected Current Assets of the firm | |||
Marketable Securities: | |||
Treasury Bills | 100,000 |
Note: Treasury Bills have a $10,000 face value, which matures in one year. Each Treasury Bill has a cost of $9,580.00
How much interest would the firm pay each year on the simple-interest loan?
How much would you write a cheque for to pay off the loan in one year?
What is the monthly payment needed to pay off the fixed-payment loans?
What is the current yield for each bond if the current price is:
$930.50 for Bond #1?
$859.50 for Bond #2?
What is the expected yield to maturity for each bond?
Bond #1 selling for $930.50?
Bond #2 selling for $859.50
What is the rate of capital gain if both bonds sell for $900.00 in one year?
Bond #1 selling for $930.50 today?
Bond #2 selling for $859.50 today?
If the Yield to Maturity expected by investors changes to 11%:
What will be the market price of Bond #1?
What will be the market price for Bond #2?
What will be the dollar change in price for Bond #1?
What will be the dollar change in price for Bond #2?
What will be the percent change in price for Bond #1?
What will be the percent change in price for Bond #2?
Since the change in expected yield to maturity is the same, why is the amount of change different between the bonds?
If investors holding our 4-year bonds (Bond #1) receive interest income annually for four years, plus the face value of the bonds at maturity,
What will be the total interest earned on the bond over the next four years?
What will be the face value received at maturity?
Given the following projected income stream for Bond #1:
Projected Reinvestment Rates | ||||
Year | Coupon | Face | 10% | 5% |
1 | 100 | |||
2 | 100 | 10.00 | 5.00 | |
3 | 100 | 21.00 | 10.25 | |
4 | 100 | 1000 | 33.10 | 15.76 |
Total Income | 400 | 1000 | 64.10 | 31.01 |
What is the total cash available over the next four years to the bond holder earning
10%
15%
What is the average annual rate of return for the bond holder earning
10%
15%
Why does the reinvestment rate affect the annual rate of return for the same bond?
If the expected rate of return on our bonds is 10%, what is the duration of Bond #1?
What is the yield to maturity on the Treasury Bills (a discount bond)?
What is the real rate of interest if the nominal rate is 10% and the inflation rate is 3%?
Copyright © 2000â2001 Addison Wesley Longman, a division of Pearson Education
Adaptation copyright © 2002 Pearson Education Canada
You have been hired to analyze the debt securities of your organization. The firm has outstanding loans and bonds. A quick review of the balance sheet shows the following:
Liability | Nominal | Years to | |
Selected Liabilities of the firm | |||
Simple Loans | 800 | 5% | 1 |
Fixed-Payment Loans | 5,000 | 12% | 19 |
Long-term Bonds #1 | 500,000 | 10% | 4 |
Long-term Bonds #2 | 1,080,000 | 10% | 10 |
Liabilities Total | 1,585,800 | ||
Market Price for Bond #1 | 930.50 | ||
Market Price for Bond #2 | 859.50 | ||
Face Value of Each Bond | 1,000.00 | ||
Selected Current Assets of the firm | |||
Marketable Securities: | |||
Treasury Bills | 100,000 |
Note: Treasury Bills have a $10,000 face value, which matures in one year. Each Treasury Bill has a cost of $9,580.00
1-How much interest would the firm pay each year on the simple-interest loan?
2-How much would you write a cheque for to pay off the loan in one year?
3-What is the monthly payment needed to pay off the fixed-payment loans?
4-What is the current yield for each bond if the current price is:
a-$930.50 for Bond #1?
b-$859.50 for Bond #2?
5-What is the expected yield to maturity for each bond?
a-Bond #1 selling for $930.50?
b-Bond #2 selling for $859.50
6-What is the rate of capital gain if both bonds sell for $900.00 in one year?
a-Bond #1 selling for $930.50 today?
b-Bond #2 selling for $859.50 today?
7-If the Yield to Maturity expected by investors changes to 11%:
a-What will be the market price of Bond #1?
b-What will be the market price for Bond #2?
c-What will be the dollar change in price for Bond #1?
d-What will be the dollar change in price for Bond #2?
e-What will be the percent change in price for Bond #1?
f-What will be the percent change in price for Bond #2?
g-Since the change in expected yield to maturity is the same, why is the amount of change different between the bonds?
8-If investors holding our 4-year bonds (Bond #1) receive interest income annually for four years, plus the face value of the bonds at maturity,
a-What will be the total interest earned on the bond over the next four years?
b-What will be the face value received at maturity?
Given the following projected income stream for Bond #1:
Projected Reinvestment Rates | ||||
Year | Coupon | Face | 10% | 5% |
1 | 100 | |||
2 | 100 | 10.00 | 5.00 | |
3 | 100 | 21.00 | 10.25 | |
4 | 100 | 1000 | 33.10 | 15.76 |
Total Income | 400 | 1000 | 64.10 | 31.01 |
c-What is the total cash available over the next four years to the bond holder earning
ii-10%
iii-15%
d-What is the average annual rate of return for the bond holder earning
ii-10%
iii-15%
e-Why does the reinvestment rate affect the annual rate of return for the same bond?
f-If the expected rate of return on our bonds is 10%, what is the duration of Bond #1?