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12 Jun 2019

How can health policy makers balance population welfare with individual freedoms and liberties, and the desire of private individuals and corporations to function free of overly intrusive government intervention? How does the answer to this question impact health policy and health law?

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Jarrod Robel
Jarrod RobelLv2
15 Jun 2019

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Question: do you agree or disagree with my answer for question(Estimates vary widely as to when the trust fund for SS retirement benefits will be depleted. However, there is wide agreement that the program as currently structured is not sustainable in the long run. Increasing revenue and/or decreasing benefits will be necessary. What changes would you make to keep the program viable?)?Please be very specific.

In order to make the Social Security program viable in the future, the following steps need to be implemented:1-Remove the payroll tax cap so that all payroll wages above $113K are taxed; however, the tax increase should be implemented on a tiered approach for each $50K over the current earned income cap. For example, wages between $113K and $163K would be taxed at 2% for social security, $163.1K to $213K at 1.5%, and the rate would be reduced as each income block increases. This would increase cash flows to the program and reduce the programs deficeit. It is critical to remember that if taxes are increased on social security, other taxes must be decreased in order to keep the overall tax rate for individuals and corporations constant. If taxes increase, corporations have the tendency to reduce their work force, and not hire additional employees. Increases in unemployment could adversely impact the overall solvency of the Social Security program.

2-Giving the citizens the option of managing a portion, but not all, of the Social Security account. The government manages the SS fund at a more effective administrative costs than the private sector; however, they are not able to generate the returns that a private investment firm can because they are forced to invest in Treasury Bonds for the growth of the trust fund. With that in mind, high risk and high rewards comes into play. If an individuals entire account was managed by a private investment firm, the risk of financial loss increases in the event of market recession or stock market crash. Therefore, it is imperative that a portion of the account be managed by the government to hedge that risk. This strategy would reduce the administrative costs of the government.

3-Increase the retirement age to 70, as overall health care is leading people to live longer lives, and therefore have the ability to work longer as well. As "60 is the new 40" philosophy is becoming prevalent in America, it is plausible to expect employees to work longer. Additionally, if the employee wants to take the SS benefit before age 70, the reductions in benefits should be increased to 35 to 40% until the age of 70.

3-Eliminate the cost of living adjustment (COLA) and structure the SS benefit payouts like an annuity, where the recipient would receive a set monthly amount for life. This would enable the administration to budget and project the cash flows of the program with more accuracy, and reduce expenses that are currently hindering the vitality of the programs finances.

4-Educate the American population on the overall purpose and structure of the program, so that they understand what is paid in is to help all of us replace income due to retirement or disability, and educate the country on what is actually paid by an Employee, Employer, and then what is eventually paid out in benefits

1). All of the following statements are false except

an investment bank is a financial firm that assists organizations in raising funds.

a corporation often deposits excess cash in an investment bank.

an investment bank provides checking services for large corporations.

most investment banks help investors buy and sell a corporation's stock.

under current laws, an investment bank provides services to individuals but cannot provide banking services to corporations.

2). (TCO 5) Dave Harris has just purchased a bond with a face value of $1,000 that pays 6%. The purchase price of the bond was $900, and the bond will mature in 5 years. What is the yield to maturity for this bond?

5.5%
6.0%
9.0%
8.4%

9.8%

3) (TCO 5) A characteristic of serial bonds is that they

will pay no interest payments.
will have varying issue dates.
will have a series of maturity dates.

cannot be called.

will all mature 10 years from the date of issue.

4).

(TCO 3) All of the following are disadvantages of leasing a vehicle except

automatic ownership interest in the car.
unlimited mileage on the car.
no need to meet credit requirements.
lease payments are likely to be lower than loan payments.

All of the other answers are advantages.

5). (TCO 4) John Brown owns a home in Oakland, California and because of the risk of earthquakes, he decides to purchase _____ to cover potential losses.

building and other structures
additional living expenses
personal property
personal liability

specialized coverage

6). (TCO 4) If Mark Wright obtains a permanent disability as a result of an injury on the job, most likely he will receive _____ as a source of disability income.

his employer
Social Security
worker's compensation
an individual insurance policy

his health insurance policy

7). (TCO 4) A(n) _____ is a document attached to an insurance policy that modifies coverage by adding or deleting a specified condition.

rider
waiver of premium
automatic premium loan
beneficiary

incontestability clause

8). (TCO 6) The Capitalist Mutual Fund's net asset value is $28.25. The fund has liabilities of $3 million and 1,600,000 shares have been issued. What is the value of the fund's portfolio?

$42 million
$45.2 million
$48 million
$48.2 million
$3 million

9). (TCO 6) A benefit associated with an investment in a real estate limited partnership is that the investor

does not have to worry about capital gains tax.
does not have to pay federal income tax.
does not have to pay state income tax.
can invest in a shopping center or large building by investing as little as $5,000.

faces an investment that is very liquid.

10) (TCO 6) Chuck owns a home worth $140,000, a car valued at $30,000, and miscellaneous assets worth $7,500. He owes $75,000 on the home and $12,000 on the car, and has no other debts. His retirement account, in which he is fully vested, contains $17,500 in mutual funds. He is insured with a $250,000 term life insurance policy. What is his net worth?

$83,000
$108,000
$195,000
$358,000
$445,000

11). (TCO 7) Brenda wants to leave a message of encouragement to her grandchildren just in case something happens to her in the near future. She would be interested in preparing a(n)

ethical will.
durable power of attorney.
letter of last instruction.
codicil.
formal will.

12). (TCO 7) Marion would be acting in the capacity of a(n) _____ if she is selected to manage the assets of her 16-year-old niece until the niece reaches the age of 21.

executrix
trustee
guardian
beneficiary
administrator

Can you answered this question with two paragraphs. Thank you.

1. Ҁ‹Lawyers are ordinarily prohibited from disclosing confidential client information. This attorney-client privilege is designed to permit candor between a client and their counsel. There are exceptions, however, such as when a lawyer is advised or believes a client is about to commit a crime. Still, in the corporate setting, it is rare for a lawyer to call out a client corporation. What responsibility should a corporation's lawyer have to blow-the-whistle when corporations are behaving illegally? What about the behavior of a specific officer or director? Does the fact that corporations really are not people, but are comprised of people with certain duties and roles, make any difference?

2. It is a well-established principle that corporate officers and directors have a fiduciary duty to the corporation and it's shareholders, even when it is contrary to the interests of other stakeholders (including creditors and other individuals or businesses the corporation regularly deals with). What obligations, if any, should corporate directors and officers have to third parties? What should directors and officers do when the interests of the corporation, shareholders, and creditors diverge (such as an insolvency situation)?

3. The questions of whether and who should be responsible for crimes committed by corporations are complicated and controversial. Corporate wrongdoers can be held criminally accountable under federal law and receive substantial penalties, but "white-collar" prosecutions are rare. Should corporate wrongdoers face criminal sanctions? Should the federal government vigorously enforce such laws? What effectives, if any, might this have on business in the future?

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