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A 5.0 kg block slides along a frictionless horizontal surface witha speed of 9.0 m/s. After sliding a distance of 7.0 m, the blockmakes a smooth transition to a frictionless ramp inclined at anangle of 30 degrees to the horizontal. the acceleration of gravityis g=9.8 m/s2. Consider the zero of the vertical y coordinate andthe zero of the potential energy at the level of the horizontalsurface.

(1) What is the total mechanical energy of the block when it comesmomentarily to a stop?

(2) What is the maximum height it reaches?

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Deanna Hettinger
Deanna HettingerLv2
17 Jul 2019

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Related textbook solutions

Physics: Principles with Applications
7th Edition, 2013
Giancoli
ISBN: 9780321625922

Related questions

A 5.0 kg block slides along a frictionless horizontal surfacewith a speed of 9.0 m/s. After sliding a distance of 7.0 m, theblock makes a smooth transition to a frictionless ramp inclined atan angle of 30 degrees to the horizontal. the acceleration ofgravity is g=9.8 m/s2. Consider the zero of the verticaly coordinate and the zero of the potential energy at the level ofthe horizontal surface.

(A) What is the kinetic energy of the block as it moves alongthe horizontal surface?

(B) What distance along the ramp does the block slide beforecoming momentarily to a stop?

(C) What is the potential energy of the block when it comesmomentarily to a stop?

Some Problems on Work
1. Joe is pulling a box of mass m = 10 kg up an inclined surface (?= 30degrees) using
a rope. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the surface andthe box is
µk = 0.5. It takes 10 seconds for Joe to bring up a box at aconstant velocity
V = 0.8m=s.
(a) What is the tension of the rope?
(b) What is the work done by the tension?
(c) What is the work done by the normal force?
(d) What is the work done by gravity?
(e) What is the total work done on the box?
(f) What is the power output necessary to Joe to bring up thebox?
maximal compression of the spring?
2. A block (m=50 kg) slides down a 3 m long inclined surface (? =30). The
coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the surfaceis µk = 0.3.
Calculate the nal velocity of the block using the work-energytheorem.
3. A pendulum of length l and mass m is released from rest at anangle ? from
the equilibrium position.
(a) Neglect air friction. Calculate the velocity of the pendulumwhen the angle
is zero. Express your result in terms of ?, l, and m.
(b) Suppose ? = 60 degrees and l = 1 m. Suppose that the velocityof the pendulum
when the angle is zero is 1 m/s. Calculate the work done by the airfriction.
4. A point particle of mass m = 20 g is moving on a
at
surface when it reaches a slope which brigs it up by h = 08 m. Thespeed of
the particle in position A is v = 5 m/s.
(a) Suppose that there is no friction. What is the velocity of theparticle when
it reaches position B?
(b) Suppose that there is friction, and that the velocity of theparticle in B is
0. What is the work done by the friction from A to B?
5. A ball is shoot vertically with initial speed v, from a
table of height h.
(a) Calculate the maximal height ymax that the ball can reach (b)Calculate the velocity of the ball just before it hits thefloor.

Good Vibes: Introduction to Oscillations

 

The conditions that lead to simple harmonic motion are as follows:

There must be a position of stable equilibrium.

There must be a restoring force acting on the oscillating object. The direction of this force must always point toward the equilibrium, and its magnitude must be directly proportional to the magnitude of the object's displacement from its equilibrium position. Mathematically, the restoring force F⃗  is given by ⃗, where is the displacement from equilibrium and k is a constant that depends on the properties of the oscillating system.

The resistive forces in the system must be reasonably small.

Consider a block of mass m attached to a spring with force constant k, as shown in the figure(Figure 1) . The spring can be either stretched or compressed. The block slides on a frictionless horizontal surface, as shown. When the spring is relaxed, the block is located at x=0. If the block is pulled to the right a distance A and then released, A will be the amplitude of the resulting oscillations.

Assume that the mechanical energy of the block-spring system remains unchanged in the subsequent motion of the block.

Part A

After the block is released from x=A, it will

(a) remain at rest

(b) move to the left until it reaches equilibrium and stop there. 

(c) move to the left until it reaches x= –A and stop there. 

(d) move to the left until it reaches x=−A and then begin to move to the right.

 

 

 

The time it takes the block to complete one cycle is called the period. Usually, the period is denoted T and is measured in seconds.

The frequency, denoted f, is the number of cycles that are completed per unit of time: f=1/T. In SI units, f is measured in inverse seconds, or hertz (Hz).

Part B

If the period is doubled, the frequency is

(a) unchanged 

(b) doubled 

(c) halved

 

Part C

An oscillating object takes 0.10 s to complete one cycle; that is, its period is 0.10 s. What is its frequency f?

Express your answer in hertz.

 

Part D

If the frequency is 40 Hz, what is the period T?

Express your answer in seconds.

 


The following questions refer to the figure (Figure 2) that graphically depicts the oscillations of the block on the spring.

Note that the vertical axis represents the x-coordinate of the oscillating object, and the horizontal axis represents time.

 

Part E

Which points on the x-axis are located at a distance A from the equilibrium position?

(a) R only

(b) Q only

(c) both R and Q

 

Part F

Suppose that the period is T. Which of the following points on the t-axis are separated by the time interval T?

(a) K and L

(b) K and M 

(c) K and P

(d) L and N 

(e) M and P 

 

 

Now assume for the remaining Parts G - J, that the x coordinate of point R is 0.12 m and the t coordinate of point K is 0.0050 s.

Part G

What is the period T?

Express your answer in seconds.

 

Part H

How much time t does the block take to travel from the point of maximum displacement to the opposite point of maximum displacement?

Express your answer in seconds.

 

Part I

What distance d does the object cover during one period of oscillation?

Express your answer in meters.

 

Part J

What distance d does the object cover between the moments labeled K and N on the graph?

Express your answer in meters.

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