BIOL 1111 Lecture Notes - Threonine, Ptprc, Signal Transduction
Document Summary
Ligand reception chemical binds to a receptor or a stimulus. Information transfer receptor undergoes conformational change that effectively brings the signal across the membrane into the cell. Some ligands pass directly thru membrane and act on cytoplasmic receptors. Amplification and networking occur when receptors or downstream components act catalytically and interact through common downstream pathways. Adaptation and desensitization processes which attenuate a cell"s response during persistent stimulation. Common themes in signal transduction (general mech. used for transfer of info: transfer info by changing resting membrane potential, binding of ligand alters the gating properties of the receptor, aqllowing. Phosphorylate a set of tfs called smads: tyrosine phosphatase (tyrosine kinase) growth control. Phosphorylation cascades: consist of a series of serine/threonine or tyrosine protein kinases which phosphorylate and activate in sequence, map kinase pathway. Signal transduction and regulation of cell growth: cell growth and cell survival are critical processes in tissue and organ formation and maintenance.