SOC 232 Lecture Notes - Null Hypothesis, Statistical Significance, Standard Deviation
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Standard deviation: measures the amount of variation around the mean. Determines whether there is a relationship between two variables. Note: determination of a relationship is not proof of causality. Amount of explained variance eta, kendall"s tau-b, spearman"s rho, pearson"s r. Squaring shows how much the variation in one variable will explain variation in the other variable. Allows prediction of the second variable based on the score from the first. The probability that the results are not due to chance. A null hypothesis tests the significance of the bivariate association. e. g. it states that there is no relationship between two variables, or that two populations do not differ on some characteristic. It must be . 05 or lower ( . 05). (the maximum acceptable in social research) Use a statistical test such as chi square. If the null is correct there is no relationship.
