NURS 1503U Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Capillary Refill, Atherosclerosis, Diabetic Neuropathy
Document Summary
Gi tract: mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum. Esophagus passage of bolus from mouth to stomach peristalsis. Stomach mechanical and chemical breakdown with hydrochloric acid, mucus, pepsin and intrinsic factor. Chyme mixes with digestive enzymes (bile and amylase), moves slowly. Nutrients almost entirely absorbed in the duodenum and jejunum. Ileum absorbs certain vitamins, iron, and bile salts. Large intestine cecum (ileocecal valve), colon (ascending, transverse, descending) Water, sodium and chloride are absorbed in colon. Valsalvar maneuver contraindicated in some clients with heart problems, stool softeners. Peristalsis (mass movement) the coordinated, rhythmic serial contraction of smooth muscle that forces food through the digestive tract, bile through the bile duct, and urine through the ureters. A wave of peristaltic contractions propels the bolus (moist, soft ball) into the stomach peristaltic contractions relax over the bolus and contract behind the bolus, thus moving contents through the length of the gi tract.
