BIOSC 0160 Lecture Notes - Gregor Mendel, Punnett Square, Meiosis
Document Summary
Mendel: gregor mendel, founder of genetics, published in 1865, experiments, worked with peas. Ideal for research because of differences in varieties and attributes. Bred varieties and offspring in controlled experiments: quantitative. Considered pattern in numbers of offspring crosses; central approach. Heritable factor (gene) is present in alternate forms (alleles) Each offspring inherits two alleles for a character, one from each parent: one is dominant, one is recessive, alleles segregate during gamete production (metaphase i, vocabulary. Genotype: genetic make-up: punnett square, test cross, used to determine genotype of a known phenotype, done by breeding with a true-breeding white-flowered plant, interpretation. Pp x pp half purple, half white: dhybrid cross, di =two; hybrid =cross between true breeds, characters are unlinked. F2: see punnett square: dihybrid cross cont. Probability: multiply when events are independent, add when a single outcome can occur in different ways, trihybrid cross, p: aabbcc x aabbcc, f1: aabbcc x aabbcc, f2: 1:2:1 genotypic ratio for each.
