CHEM 1040 Lecture Notes - Chemical Polarity, Lone Pair, Ammonia

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greywalrus127

21 Sep 2014

School

University of Guelph

Department

Chemistry

Course

CHEM 1040

Professor

Johnathan Vandersteen

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Document Summary

Some do not have 8 electrons around the central atom. Some have more then 8 electrons around the central atom (there must be a d orbital involved for this to occur) Once a lewis structure has been drawn, shapes and polarity can be determined by 3 kinds of electron pairs: Electron pairs try to get hte futherest away from each other. Only free electron pairs and sigma bonds (pi bonds not involved because their locations have already been accounted for) electron pairs repel each other. geometry determined by max repulsion. The two important terms used to describe shapes are: Accounts for all electron pairs (sigma bonds and lone pairs not pi bonds) 4 electron pairs( 3 sigma bonds, lone pairs) Accounts for only the electron pairs we can see (eg sigma bond) 3 sigma bonds have a trigonal pyramid shape. Free electron pairs require more space than bonded electron pairs.

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Submit your answer to the following in complete sentences, providing your choice, your evidence, and your reasoning as indicated below.

Which two of the elements listed have the most similar Lewis structures?

A) S and Se

B) Si and P

C) Al and Ge

D) Rb and Ca

Which of the following correctly describes the Lewis structure of the compound formed between Mg and Cl?

A) The one Mg will have a negative charge and eight dots around its symbol, whereas the two Cl symbols will have a positive charge and no dots around the symbol.

B) The one Mg will have a positive two charge and no dots around its symbol, whereas the two Cl symbols will have a negative charge and eight dots around the symbol.

C) The one Mg will have a positive charge and no dots around its symbol, whereas the one Cl will have a negative charge and eight dots around its symbol.

D) The one Mg will have a negative charge and no dots around its symbol, whereas the two Cl symbols will have a positive charge and eight dots around the symbol.

In the Lewis structure for a molecule, one of the nitrogen atoms shares six electrons with a carbon atom and has two electrons that it does not share with any other atom. Which of the following correctly describes this nitrogen atom?

A)three single bonds and one lone pair

B)three single bonds and two lone pairs

C)triple bond and two lone pairs

D) triple bond and one lone pair

Under which of the following circumstances would the molecular geometry be the same as the electron geometry?

A) identical terminal atoms

B) no lone pairs on the central atom

C) presence of multiple bonds on the central atom

D) presence of lone pairs on the central atom

(2 points) Referring to the reading, "The Lewis Structure of Ozone," describe why the two Lewis structures shown are incorrect.

CHEM 1040 Lecture Notes - Chemical Polarity, Lone Pair, Ammonia

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