luwitkainfante

A steam engine can be approximated (although crudely) using ideal carnot cycle. Steam at 250C serves as hot reservoir and transfers 1200J of heat to the engine. The engine uses air at 50C as the cold reservior. How much heat is lost by the engine duirng one cycle? What is the net work done by the engine during one cycle?

A Carnot engine for 1.00 mol of a monoatomic ideal gas has an efficiency of 50.50% witha hot reservoir temperature of 1050 K and a cold reservoir temp of 624K.A. If the system absorbs 50.0 kJ of heat in the hot reservoir, how much heat isrejected to the cold reservoir, and in which step does this occur?B. How much work is done by the system?C. If the initial volume of the isothermal expansion step is 20.00 L, what is the finalvolume?D. How much total work is done by the system (not net work)? How much total work isdone on the system?

Consider a small system that is interacting with a reservoir at temperature 400 K, pressure 108 Pa, and chemical potential ‒0.3 eV.

(a) To go from state 1 to state 2, the small system must take an additional 0.03 eV of energy and 10‒29 m3 of volume from the reservoir. How many times more probable is it for the small system to be in state 1 than state 2?

(b) To go from state 1 to state 3 the small system must take 0.4 eV of energy and one particle (but no extra volume) from the reservoir. How many times more probable is it that the small system is in state 1 than state 3?

(c) To go from state 1 to state 4, the small system must take no energy but one particle and 10‒27 m3 of volume from the reservoir. How many times more probable is it that the small system is in state 1 than state 4?