What is compounding? What would the future of $500 be after 5 years at 10% compound interest rate?

What is the future value (FV) after 6 years of the following investments:

Payment $200 per month starting month 1. Interest Rate is 9% per year compounded continually.

If an investment of $20,000 is worth $22,076 at the end of one year with quarterly compounding:

1. What is the value of I?

2. What is the nominal interest rate per year(APR)?

3. What is the effective interest rate per year (APY)?

Question: Jack deposited $500,000 into a bank for 6 months. At the end of that time, he withdrew the money and received $525,000. If the bank paid interest based on continuous compounding:

(a) What was the effective annual interest rate?

(b) What was the nominal annual interest rate?