INTR2010 Study Guide - Final Guide: Asean Summit, East Asia Summit, Maphilindo
18 Jun 2018
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(WK 6)
ASEAN & SOUTHEAST ASIAN CENTRALITY
COMMUNITY BUILDING IN ASIA: THE CASE OF ASEAN
During its 40 year history, ASESEAN has achieved limited success in influencing
the normative environment of Southeast Asia
ASEAN has helped shape institutional development in the Asia-Pacific,
particularly since the 1990s
It remains at the center of Asia-Pacific regionalism
However, ASEAN’s diverse membership and its need to maintain the
fundamental principle of non intervention limit its ability to reform
ASEAN’s future is closely tied to its role in facilitating the emergence of China
as a global power
ASEAN forms a ‘security regime’ which facilitates cooperation around recognized
rules to reduce uncertainty and advance longer-term interests
ASEAN’s legal-rational norms derived from the standard principles of the
Westphalian state system, protecting and reinforcing the overarching norm of respect
for state-sovereignty
It is the commitment to non-interference, and all of the complications that
emerge from this principle
A commitment to sovereignty is common to most states, but a credible case
can be made that ASEAN’s emphasis on non-intervention is distinctive
The rise of ASEAN
The Association of Southeast Asian Asian Nations was inaugurated on 8 August 1967
– founding members were Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and
Thailand – the major non-Communist states of the region
Southeast Asia’s colonial legacy
Constructive Sovereignty: Nationalism and rivalry
ASEAN has been most prominent during the 1980s as it organized the global
campaign against Vietnam’s occupation of Cambodia
At the center of a number of Asia Pacific regional initiatives:
ASEAN Plus Three (APT)
ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement (ACTFTA)
Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Forum
East Asian Summit (EAS)
Failed institutions?
-Association of Southeast Asia (ASA) 1961
-Maphilindo 1963
Indonesia’s New Order and international rehabilitation
“‘I am making it my mission as a Minister of Foreign Affairs to regain what good
will we may have lost, not by promises but by proving Indonesia a reliable partner in
political as well in business matters. In this context we are working toward
establishment of regional cooperation in Southeast Asia.’’ (Malik 1968)
Bangkok Declaration signed August 1967 Indonesia; Malaysia; Thailand;
Philippines; Singapore; (Brunei 1984)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Key Aims: 1. Reduce internal tensions among members 2. Reduce external
influence 3. Promote prosperity and stability within
1971 Zone of Peace, Freedom and Neutrality (ZOPFAN)
Began as an independent Malaysian effort to get the great powers to agree to
the ‘neutralization’ of Southeast Asia
For strategic reasons, most other ASEAN states disagreed with this initiative
and ZOPFAN was the resulting compromise
In recent years the concept has been abandoned
1997-1999 ASEAN proved ineffective during the catastrophic East Asian crisis
Constructivism offers the most useful analysis of ASEAN
During most of its first decade, ASEAN accomplished relatively little - tensions
between member states threatened the organisation’s operation
ASEAN and the region
1994 ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF)
Was the culmination of a process that began with non ASEAN actors who
argued that the post-Cold War Asia Pacific region needed a security
organization
ASEAN approach to ARF: would develop confidence-building methods,
followed by preventive diplomacy followed by conflict resolution this
approach evoked considerable criticism
Some observes condemn the ARF as little more than a ‘talk shop’
ASEAN new members: Vietnam (1995), Laos (1997), Myanmar (1997), Cambodia
(1999)
Disadvantages of expansion outweighed advantages: e.g. Cambodia’s
political instability has caused ASEAN ongoing issues
2005 East Asian Summit (EAS) – including ASEAN special summits – e.g. ASEAN-
US, ASEAN-China, ASEAN-Australia, ASEAN-India
APT was created in 1997 as a consultative body meant to coordinate Asia’s
meetings with Europe
The APT turned areas of regional cooperation and, by 2000 had launched the
Ching Mai Initiative (CMI) – a series of currency swap agreements which
builds on ASEAN Swap Agreement.
East Asian Summit held its first meeting in 2005 including the APT states +
India, Australia and New Zealand
ASEAN Integration
ASEAN: One Vision, One Identity, One Community
ASEAN Economic Community (2015)
The ‘ASEAN way’
The ‘ASEAN Way’ refers to the methodology or approach to solving issues that
respects the cultural norms of Southeast Asia
It is the a set of rules in ASEAN
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Community building in asia: the case of asean. During its 40 year history, asesean has achieved limited success in influencing the normative environment of southeast asia. Asean has helped shape institutional development in the asia-pacific, particularly since the 1990s. It remains at the center of asia-pacific regionalism. However, asean"s diverse membership and its need to maintain the fundamental principle of non intervention limit its ability to reform. Asean"s future is closely tied to its role in facilitating the emergence of china as a global power. Asean forms a security regime" which facilitates cooperation around recognized rules to reduce uncertainty and advance longer-term interests. Asean"s legal-rational norms derived from the standard principles of the. Westphalian state system, protecting and reinforcing the overarching norm of respect for state-sovereignty. It is the commitment to non-interference, and all of the complications that emerge from this principle.
