BMS100 Study Guide - Final Guide: Distal Radioulnar Articulation, Scaphoid Fracture, Adductor Hallucis Muscle
1
ANATOMY EXAM 1 REVIEW – MUSCLES, JOINTS, LIGAMENTS
BACK MUSCLES (11)
Grouping
Muscle
Action
Innervation
Vasculature
Superficial (5)
Trapezius
rotate scapula;
elevate, retract shoulder
Accessory n. (CN XI)
Transverse
cervical a.
Latissimus dorsi
extend, ADduct, medially rotate
humerus
Thoracodorsal n.
Thoracodorsal a.
Rhomboideus major
retract and rotate scapula,
fix scapula to thoracic wall
Dorsal scapular n.
Dorsal scapular a.
Rhomboideus minor
“”
Levator scapulae
elevate, rotate scapula
Intermediate (2)
Serratus posterior superior
elevate ribs on inspiration
2 – 5 Intercostal n.
Intercostal a.
Serratus posterior inferior
ribs down, out on inspiration
VPR T9 – T12
Deep (4)
Splenius capitis
laterally bend neck to
ipsilateral side; extend head,
neck in conjunction
Dorsal rami of spinal n.
Splenius cervicis
“”
Semispinalis
extend neck; rotate head
Dorsal rami of cervical
spinal n.
Erector spinae:
Iliocostalis
Lonigissimus
Spinalis
extend vertebral column,
bend laterally
Dorsal rami of respective
spinal n.
Lateral sacral a.
SHOULDER & PECTORAL REGION (11)
Grouping
Muscle
Action
Innervation
Vasculature
Shoulder (7)
Deltoid
flex, extend, ABduct humerus
Axillary n.
Thoracoacromial a.
(deltoid branch)
Supraspinatus
ABduct humerus
Suprascapular n.
Anastomoses from
subclavian or axillar a.
that include:
Suprascapular a.
Dorsal scapular a.
Circumflex scapular a.
Infraspinatus
laterally rotate humerus
Suprascapular n.
Teres minor
“”
Axillary n.
Teres major
ADDuct, extend, medially rotate
humerus
Lower subscapular n.
Subscapularis
medially rotate humerus
Upper & lower
subscapular n.
Omohyoid
depress hyoid bone
Cervical n. C1-C3 via
ansa cervicalis
Pectoral region (4)
Pectoralis major
ADduct, medially rotate, extend,
flex humerus
Lateral & medial
pectoral n.
Thoracoacromial a.
(pectoral branches)
Pectoralis minor
protract, depress scapula
Medial pectoral n.
Serratus anterior
protract, rotate scapula
Long thoracic n.
Lateral thoracic a.
Subclavius
depress scapula
Subclavian n.
Thoracoacromial a.
(clavicular branch)
ARM (5)
Grouping
Muscle
Action
Innervation
Vasculature
Anterior (3)
Coracobrachialis
flex, ADduct arm
Musculocutaneous n.
Brachial a. & its
branches
Biceps brachii
(long, short)
flex arm, forearm;
supinate forearm
Brachialis
flex forearm
Posterior (2)
Triceps brachii
(long, lateral, medial)
extend arm, forearm
Radial n.
Profunda brachii a.
Anconeus
extend forearm
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2
FOREARM (20)
Grouping
Muscle
Action
Innervation
Vasculature
Anterior (superficial – 5)
Pronator teres
pronate, flex forearm
Median n.
Ulnar a. & radial a.
Flexor carpi radialis
flex hand, ABduct wrist
Ulnar a.
Flexor carpi ulnaris
flex, ADduct wrist
Ulnar n.
Flexor digitorum
superficialis
flex PIP; flex MP
Median n.
Palmaris longus
flex wrist;
tighten palmar aponeurosis
Anterior (deep – 3)
Flexor digitorum
profundus
flex DIP of digits
Medial: ulnar n.
Lateral: median n.
Anterior interosseus
a.
Pronator quadratus
pronate forearm
Anterior interosseus
n. of median n.
Flexor pollicis longus
flex IP of thumb
Posterior (12)
Brachioradialis
flex forearm
Radial n.
Radial recurrent a.
Extensor carpi radialis
longus
extend, ABduct wrist;
fist clenching
Radial a.
Extensor carpi radialis
brevis
“”
Deep branch of
radial n.
Radial a.
Supinator
supinate forearm, rotate radius
Radial recurrent a.
Extensor carpi ulnaris
extend, ADduct wrist
Posterior interosseus
n. of radial n.
Ulnar a.
Extensor digitorum
extend MP of digits; extend IP
Posterior interosseus
a. from common
interosseous a.
branch from ulnar a.
Abductor pollicis longus
extend IP, ABduct, extend
thumb
Extensor pollicis longus
extend IP thumb, ABduct,
extend thumb
Extensor pollicis brevis
extend MP and MCP of thumb,
ABduct, extend thumb
Extensor indices
extend 2nd digit
Extensor digiti minimi
extend MP 5th digit; extend IP
HAND (19)
Grouping
Muscle
Action
Innervation
Vasculature
Thenar (3)
Abductor pollicis brevis
ABduct/oppose thumb
Recurrent branch of
median n.
Superficial palmar
branch of the radial a.
Flexor pollicis brevis
flex thumb
Opponens pollicis
oppose, medially rotate
thumb
Hypothenar (3)
Abductor digiti minimi
ABduct 5th digit
Deep branch of ulnar n.
Ulnar a.
Flexor digit minimi
brevis
flex MPC of 5th digit
Opponens digiti minimi
oppose 5th digit to thumb
Short (Palmar – 9)
Lumbrical 1 + 2
flex MPC joint;
extend IP joint
Median n.
Superficial palmar arch
Deep palmar arch
Common palmar digital a
Dorsal digital a.
Lumbrical 3 + 4
“”
Deep branch of ulnar n.
Superficial palmar arch
Deep palmar arch
Common palmar digital a
Dorsal digital a.
Palmar interossei (1-3)
ADduct digits;
flex MCP joint;
extend IP joint
Dorsal metacarpal a. &
palmar metacarpal a.
Palmaris brevis
improves grip
Superficial branch of
ulnar n.
Palmar branches of the
ulnar a.
Adductor pollicis
ADduct thumb
Deep branch of ulnar n.
Deep palmar arterial arch
Short (Dorsal – 4)
Dorsal interossei (1-4)
ABduct digits;
flex MCP joint;
Deep branch of ulnar n.
Dorsal metacarpal a. &
palmar metacarpal a.
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3
extend IP joint
GLUTEAL REGION (8)
Grouping
Muscle
Action
Innervation
Vasculature
Gluteal Region (8)
Gluteus maximus
extend, laterally rotate thigh
Inferior gluteal n.
Superior a. & inferior
gluteal a.
Gluteus medius
ABduct, medially rotate thigh
Superior gluteal n.
Superior gluteal a.
Gluteus minimus
“”
Piriformis
laterally rotate thigh
Ventral rami of S1 and
S2
Inferior gluteal a.
Internal pudendal a.
Superior gluteal a.
Obturator internus
“”
Nerve to obturator
internus
Superior gemellus
“”
Inferior gluteal a.
Inferior gemellus
“”
Nerve to quadratus
femoris
Quadratus femoris
“”
THIGH (16)
Grouping
Muscle
Action
Innervation
Vasculature
Anterior (7)
Iliopsoas
flex thigh; flex and laterally
bend lumbar spine
Femoral n. (for iliacus)
& lumbar plexus
(psoas)
Lumbar branch of
iliopsoas branch of
internal iliac a.
Pectineus
flex, ADduct, laterally rotate
thigh at hip
Femoral n. & obturator
n.
Medial circumflex
femoral branch of
femoral a. & obturator a.
Sartorius
flex, ABduct, laterally rotate hip;
flex, medially rotate knee
Femoral n.
Femoral a. branches
Rectus femoris
(quadriceps)
flex hip; extend knee
Medial circumflex
femoral a.
Vastus lateralis
(quadriceps)
extend leg at knee
Lateral circumflex
femoral a.
Vastus medialis
(quadriceps)
“”
Femoral a.
Profunda femoris a.
Superior medial
genicular branch of
popliteal a.
Vastus intermedius
(quadriceps)
“”
Lateral circumflex
femoral a.
Medial (5)
Gracilis
flex, ADduct, thigh at hip;
flex, medially rotate knee
Obturator n.
Obturator a.
Obturator externus
laterally rotate, ADuct hip; holds
head of femur in acetabulum
Adductor longus
flex, ADduct thigh at hip
Adductor brevis
flex, extend, ADduct, laterally
rotate thigh at hip
Adductor magnus
ADduct thigh; adductor – flex
thigh; hamstring – extend thigh
Obturator n. & tibial n.
Posterior (3)
Semimenbranosus
(hamstrings)
extend thigh;
flex, medially rotate leg
Tibial n.
Perforating branches of:
Profunda femoris a.
Inferior gluteal a.
Superior branches of
popliteal a.
Semitendinosus
(hamstrings)
“”
Biceps femoris
(long head)
(hamstrings)
extend thigh;
flex, laterally rotate leg
Biceps femoris
(short head)
flex, laterally rotate leg
Common fibular n.
N/a
Tensor fasciae latae
ABduct, medially rotate, flex
Superior gluteal n.
Superior gluteal a.
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Document Summary
Anatomy exam 1 review muscles, joints, ligaments. Serratus posterior inferior humerus retract and rotate scapula, fix scapula to thoracic wall elevate, rotate scapula elevate ribs on inspiration ribs down, out on inspiration. Splenius capitis laterally bend neck to ipsilateral side; extend head, Dorsal rami of spinal n. neck in conjunction extend neck; rotate head. Dorsal rami of cervical spinal n. extend vertebral column, Anastomoses from subclavian or axillar a. that include: Subclavius flex humerus protract, depress scapula protract, rotate scapula depress scapula pectoral n. Action flex, adduct arm flex arm, forearm; supinate forearm flex forearm extend arm, forearm. Brachioradialis pronate, flex forearm flex hand, abduct wrist flex, adduct wrist flex pip; flex mp flex wrist; tighten palmar aponeurosis flex dip of digits pronate forearm flex ip of thumb flex forearm. Extensor digitorum extend mp of digits; extend ip. Abductor pollicis longus extend ip, abduct, extend thumb. Extensor pollicis longus extend ip thumb, abduct: of radial n. extend thumb.
