400138 Study Guide - Final Guide: Peripheral Edema, Vasodilation, Asthma
22 Jun 2018
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SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 1
(Short answer questions for Final Exam will be taken from this list)
1. Compare aortic stenosis, aortic insufficiency, mitral stenosis and mitral insufficiency in
regard to pathophysiology.
Aortic stenosis:
Caused by malformation/ fusion of the semilunar cusps.
Leads to outflow obstruction and increased LV workload.
The LV compensates through myocardial hypertrophy to increasing
pumping pressure.
Aortic insufficiency:
Leaky aortic valve of the heart allows blood to flow in reverse direction
during ventricular diastole.
LV compensates by increasing stroke volume.
Volume overload leads to LV hypertrophy.
Mitral stenosis:
Increased workload on the LA due to impaired LV filling.
Pressure in LA increases, increased arterial pressure is passed to the
pulmonary circulation.
LA dilation leads to AF and loss of arterial systolic contractility.
Mitral insufficiency:
Abnormal leaking of the blood from the LV, through the mitral valve into
the LA during the systolic phase.
LV experiences volume overload and develops hypertrophy to maintain
SV.
2. Compare and contrast left sided and right sided heart failure in regard to
pathophysiology and symptomatology.
Cause:
LS heart failure > IHD, chronic hypertension, abnormalities of aortic or
mitral valves, myocarditis, cardiomyopathies.
RS heart failure usually occurs from LV failure, other causes are tricuspic
and pulmonic valvular abnormalities, cardiomyopathy, pulmonary
embolism.
Pathophysiology:
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Document Summary
Short answer questions for pathophysiology 1 (short answer questions for final exam will be taken from this list: compare aortic stenosis, aortic insufficiency, mitral stenosis and mitral insufficiency in regard to pathophysiology. Caused by malformation/ fusion of the semilunar cusps. Leads to outflow obstruction and increased lv workload. The lv compensates through myocardial hypertrophy to increasing pumping pressure. Leaky aortic valve of the heart allows blood to flow in reverse direction during ventricular diastole. Increased workload on the la due to impaired lv filling. Pressure in la increases, increased arterial pressure is passed to the pulmonary circulation. La dilation leads to af and loss of arterial systolic contractility. Abnormal leaking of the blood from the lv, through the mitral valve into the la during the systolic phase. Lv experiences volume overload and develops hypertrophy to maintain. Sv: compare and contrast left sided and right sided heart failure in regard to pathophysiology and symptomatology.
