400138 Study Guide - Final Guide: Cerebral Cortex, Blood Vessel, Arachnoid Mater
22 Jun 2018
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SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 1
(Short answer questions for Final Exam will be taken from this list)
1. Discuss mechanisms and symptomatology of brain trauma. (Can Crazy Love Hurt?)
Mechanisms:
Two types of brain injury focal and diffuse.
oFocal leads to contusion, laceration or haemorrhage > the
haemorrhage can be epidural, subdural and intracranial.
oDiffuse leads to concussion or diffuse axonal injury.
Concussion occurs when a blow to the head disrupts the normal
functioning of the brain (temporary axonal disturbance > injury =
accelerating or decelerating rapid force, disruption and disintegration of
axons) with some damage of cell membranes.
Can be closed (blunt) > more common or open (penetrating).
Contusion:
oFocal brain injury including a blunt blow to the head.
oPathologically and compression/ crush injury.
oSmall multiple intracerebral haemorrhages.
oCoup, counter coup > coup is injury directly under the area of
impact/ force and counter coup is on the other side of the impact
(Normally when hitting head would be coup then counter coup
but whiplash is initially counter coup then coup because of
opposite force).
oCause’s oedema of affected tissue > increase intracranial pressure.
oSymptoms:
headache, confusion, dizziness, lethargy, vomiting,
difficulty with vision (blurred vision, diplopia), hearing
impairment, problems with coordination and movement,
seizures and loss of consciousness.
Laceration:
oTissue of the brain is mechanically cut or torn.
oUsually following penetration injury.
oUsually occur with other brain injuries like contusion (from broken
bony fragments).
oLead’s to intracranial haemorrhage and traumatic subarachnoid
haemorrhage.
Haemorrhage:
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Short answer questions for pathophysiology 1 (short answer questions for final exam will be taken from this list: discuss mechanisms and symptomatology of brain trauma. (can crazy love hurt?) Two types of brain injury focal and diffuse: focal leads to contusion, laceration or haemorrhage > the haemorrhage can be epidural, subdural and intracranial, diffuse leads to concussion or diffuse axonal injury. Concussion occurs when a blow to the head disrupts the normal functioning of the brain (temporary axonal disturbance > injury = accelerating or decelerating rapid force, disruption and disintegration of axons) with some damage of cell membranes. Can be closed (blunt) > more common or open (penetrating). Laceration: tissue of the brain is mechanically cut or torn, usually following penetration injury, usually occur with other brain injuries like contusion (from broken bony fragments), lead"s to intracranial haemorrhage and traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage. Rapid bleeding above the dura mater of the temporal/ parietal lobe.
