PHTY208 Study Guide - Final Guide: Spasm, Common Cold, Interstitial Lung Disease
Document Summary
Altered strctures (hypertrophy, dilation) and/or impaired function of rv secondary to lung disease. Increased rv filling pressure secondary to pulmonary hypertension caused by lung disease. Increased rv afterload causes rv hypertrophy over time. Infection of the respiratory system involving anatomical structures including the larynx and above e. g. the common cold. In 95% of cases viral in origin (influenza) Infectious or non-infectious trigger leads to bronchial epithelial injury -> inflammatory response with airway hyper-responsiveness and mucus production. Inflammation of the lung paranchyma due to the presence of a micro-organism. Inhalation of irritating substances or micro- organism. Bacteria spread into lungs and overcome lung defence mechanisms. Inflammatory mediators and immune complexes damage the bronchial wall, mucous membranes and alveolar-capillary membranes. Some micro organisms release toxins resulting in further damage. Airborne infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, a gram +ve acidfast bacillus. Bacteria travels to the distal airways where they are consumed by the alveolar macrophages.
