HUMB1000 Study Guide - Final Guide: Stratified Squamous Epithelium, Posterior Nasal Apertures, Lingual Tonsils
10 Jun 2018
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The respiratory system
• Nasal cavity → Nasopharynx → Oropharynx → Laryngopharynx → Larynx → Trachea →
Primary bronchi → Secondary bronchi → Tertiary bronchi → Bronchioles → Terminal
bronchioles → Respiratory bronchioles → Alveoli
• Function
• Respiration
➢ Ventilation – movement of air in and out of lungs
➢ External respiration – gas exchange between lungs and blood
➢ Transport of respiratory gases
➢ Internal respiration
• Regulation of blood pH
• Voice production
• Smell (olfaction)
• Protection
• Divided into
• Structural (Upper and lower respiratory tract)
• Functional (Conducting and respiratory zone)
• Nasal cavity
• Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
• Consists of:
➢ External nares (nostrils)
➢ nasal vestibule
➢ nasal cavity proper
➢ posterior nasal apertures
➢ hard and soft palate
• Function:
➢ Passageway for air
➢ Cleans the air
➢ Humidifies and warms air
❖ Through warm blood flowing through
❖ Through moisture from mucous epithelium and excess tears
➢ Smell
➢ Sound production
• Conchae & meatus
➢ Increase surface area
➢ Create more turbulent airflow
• Pharynx (throat)
• 3 regions
➢ Nasopharynx (pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium)
❖ Pharyngeal tonsil
❖ Palatine tonsil
❖ Lingual tonsil
➢ Oropharynx (stratified squamous epithelium)
➢ Laryngopharynx (stratified squamous epithelium)
• Function:
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Document Summary
The respiratory system: nasal cavity nasopharynx oropharynx laryngopharynx larynx trachea . Primary bronchi secondary bronchi tertiary bronchi bronchioles terminal bronchioles respiratory bronchioles alveoli: function, respiration. Ventilation movement of air in and out of lungs. External respiration gas exchange between lungs and blood. Internal respiration: regulation of blood ph, voice production, smell (olfaction, protection, divided into, structural (upper and lower respiratory tract, functional (conducting and respiratory zone, nasal cavity, pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, consists of: Through moisture from mucous epithelium and excess tears. Create more turbulent airflow: pharynx (throat, 3 regions. Passageway for air: larynx, voice box, functions: Directs food into oesophagus away from respiratory tract. Trap debris from entering lungs: trachea, supported by 15-20 hyaline cartilage rings, lumen lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells, bronchi, primary(main), secondary(lobar) and tertiary(segmental) bronchus, respiratory bronchiole & terminal bronchiole, alveoli, alveolus site. Contains type 1 & type 2 pneumocyte and macrophages: capillary site.
