1016MSC Study Guide - Final Guide: Soft Palate, Crista Ampullaris, Olfactory Receptor
27 Jun 2018
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Review Questions and concept checks
Ear, taste, olfaction
Topic 4.2
Ear, hearing and equilibrium
Which structure separates the external auditory canal from the middle ear?!
"Tympanic membrane !
Which structure connects the middle ear with the nasopharynx?!
"Nasopharyngeal tube!
What is the name of the structure containing the saccule and utricle?!
"Maculae!
This kind of deafness can result from fusing of auditory ossicles __________________.!
"Conduction" !
What structure contains the receptors for hearing; and which nerve carries the information
to the brain?!
"Cochlea; cochlear nerve!
What is the functional role of the auditory ossicles? How does their structure help them
achieve their function?!
"They vibrate and move the endolymph within the membranous labyrinth and this
helps pass the vibrations through the ear and to the brain!
How does the function of the semicircular ducts/canals differ from the function of the
saccule and utricle?!
"Semicircular canals/ducts are dynamic receptors!
"Maculae and utricle are equilibrium receptors, they respond to vertical acceleration
(elevator), and linear acceleration (in a car) respectively, they are static receptors!
Topic 4.2 concept check
The inner ear is composed of the bony labyrinth which contains perilymph and the
membranous labyrinth which$contains endolymph.!
The organ for hearing is called the Organ of Corti. It rests upon the basilar membrane. It is
the vibrations of the basilar membrane that induce mechanotransduction of the hair cells
of the Organ of Corti.!
The depolarisation of the hair cells releases a neurotransmitter that synapses with the
dendritic endings of the Cochlea nerve.!
How do we determine loudness and pitch?!
"Primary auditory cortex in brain!
"Pitch: frequency of vibration!
"Loudness: amplitude of vibration !
Where do we find the auditory cortex?!
"Temporal lobe!
Static and Dynamic equilibrium are controlled by 2 different groups of receptors:!
Static equilibrium receptors are located in the maculae of the utricle and saccule
(collectively referred to as the vestibule).$!
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Document Summary
This kind of deafness can result from fusing of auditory ossicles __________________. How does their structure help them achieve their function? helps pass the vibrations through the ear and to the brain. They vibrate and move the endolymph within the membranous labyrinth and this. Maculae and utricle are equilibrium receptors, they respond to vertical acceleration (elevator), and linear acceleration (in a car) respectively, they are static receptors. The inner ear is composed of the bony labyrinth which contains perilymph and the membranous labyrinth which contains endolymph. The organ for hearing is called the organ of corti. It is the vibrations of the basilar membrane that induce mechanotransduction of the hair cells of the organ of corti. The depolarisation of the hair cells releases a neurotransmitter that synapses with the dendritic endings of the cochlea nerve. Static and dynamic equilibrium are controlled by 2 di erent groups of receptors:
