1016MSC Study Guide - Midterm Guide: White Matter, Homeostasis, Cerebellum
27 Jun 2018
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Review Questions and Concept Checks!
nervous system overview and CNS!
Topic 3.1 and 3.2!
Q1. Name 2 different types of Neuroglia found in the CNS and briefly state their function.!
#Astrocytes: guide formation of synapses between neurons!
#Microglia: immune defence !
Q2. Neurons that take impulses towards and away from the CNS are called _______ and
_______ respectively.!
#Sensory (afferent)!
#Motor (efferent)!
Q3. How are neurons classified structurally?!
#By the number of branches!
Q4. The effect of a neurotransmitter depends on its _______________________.!
#Receptor!
Q5. Is Noradrenaline generally inhibitory/excitatory?!
#Generally excitatory but can be either !
Q6. Which neurotransmitter inhibits pain and is mimicked by morphine, heroin and
methodone?!
#Endorphines!
Topic 3.1 concept check
Important for sensation, integration and motor response!
The structure of the NS involves many divisions including CNS, PNS [somatic and ANS
(sympathetic/parasympathetic)]!
Neurons can be structurally classified – multipolar, bipolar, unipolar!
Neurons can be functionally classified – sensory (afferent), motor (efferent), integration
(interneurons)!
Action Potentials$cause neurotransmitter (NT) release at synapses!
can encourage (depolarise; EPSP) postsynaptic$neurons!
can inhibit (hyperpolarise; IPSP)$postsynaptic$neurons!
drugs encourage or block the effects of$NTs.!
Know the structure and function of one NT from each class!
Eg: Acetylcholine (Ach) release stimulates post synaptic neuron$depolarisation
and$muscle contraction; blocked by Botox = no muscle contraction, paralysis (temporary)!
Noradrenaline stimulates post-synaptic neuron depolarisation and action potential;
Noradrenaline reuptake blocked by anti-depressants (SNRI) = Noradrenaline remains in
synaptic cleft as stimulant!
GABA$(inhibitory) opens Cl-$channels$=$hyperpolarisation$of post-synaptic neurons = less
likely to fire!
Lidocaine$(local anaesthetic) inhibits voltage gated Na+$channels$= no$depolarisation, no
AP, no sensation!
Topic 3.2
Central nervous system
Q1.$Which lobes contain the primary motor/sensory cortex?!
#Primary motor: frontal lobe!
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Review questions and concept checks nervous system overview and cns. Name 2 di erent types of neuroglia found in the cns and brie y state their function. Neurons that take impulses towards and away from the cns are called _______ and. The e ect of a neurotransmitter depends on its _______________________. The structure of the ns involves many divisions including cns, pns [somatic and ans (sympathetic/parasympathetic)] Neurons can be structurally classi ed multipolar, bipolar, unipolar. Neurons can be functionally classi ed sensory (a erent), motor (e erent), integration (interneurons) Action potentials cause neurotransmitter (nt) release at synapses can encourage (depolarise; epsp) postsynaptic neurons can inhibit (hyperpolarise; ipsp) postsynaptic neurons drugs encourage or block the e ects of nts. Know the structure and function of one nt from each class. Eg: acetylcholine (ach) release stimulates post synaptic neuron depolarisation and muscle contraction; blocked by botox = no muscle contraction, paralysis (temporary) Noradrenaline stimulates post-synaptic neuron depolarisation and action potential;
