PHRM30003 Study Guide - Final Guide: Incretin, Upper Respiratory Tract Infection, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
5 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Drug name
Drug class
Molecular target(s)
Mechanism/Function
Contradiction/AE/Notes
Type II
Diabetes
(
4)
Meglitinides
Sulphonlureas
Repaglinide
Beta islet
For relative lack of insulin
Stimulate insulin secretion from beta islet of
pancreatic cell
O
ral
Rapid onset
Short half-life
lower risk of hypoglycaemia
Before meal
AE:
Less risk of hypoglycaemia and weight gain
than sulphonylureas
Biguanides
Metformin
Mitochondria
For insulin resistance
Sensitize the body to insulin and/or control
hepatic glucose production
increase insulin-mediated peripheral
glucose uptake
reduce hepatic glucose production
decrease carbohydrate absorption
reduce LDL cholesterol lv and TGs
Reduce micro- and macrovascular
complications
Inhibit
respiratory chain complex 1
glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
AMP kinase activation
AE:
- GIT
- Lactic acidosis
- No weight gain, but possible weight
loss
Sitagliptin
DPP
-
4 inhibitor
For glucose absorption
Increase native GLP-1 lv
increase insulin
decrease glucagon
O
ral
AE:
- Upper respiratory infection
- Headaches
- Hypoglycaemia
- Hypersensitivity
- pancreatitis
Liraglutide
GLP
-
1
-
R
agonists
GLP
-
1
-
R
For glucose reabsorption
Multiple sites
AE: GIT, pancreatitis
Sc Injection
