BIOM1060 Study Guide - Fall 2018 Quiz Notes - Peritoneum, Peritoneal dialysis, Hemodialysis
BIOM1061 WORKSHOP
WORKSHOP
RENAL DIALYSIS, HAEMODIALYSIS AND PERITONEAL DIALYSIS
Diffusion
- Process of molecules moving from area of higher concentration to a lower one
- Passive process (driven by energy of molecules themselves)
- End product: equilibrium (molecules evenly distributed)
- Can be simple (occurs without membrane protein assistance) or facilitated (assisted by
membrane bound carrier protein)
Molecular weight vs rate of diffusion
Larger molecule = greater force needed to move = decreased rate of diffusion
Osmosis
- Movement of water through membrane
- Semipermeable membrane: only select molecules can pass through (water molecules
small enough to freely move through pores)
Hypo-osmotic = high concentration of water
Hyperosmotic = low concentration of water
Chronic renal disease
- Defined as GFR <60mL/min for at least 3 months
- Renal failure: GFR <15mL/min (filtration formation decreases or stops completely)
o Associated with fatigue, anorexia, nausea and muscle cramps
- No effective treatments (current options = haemodialysis or kidney transplant)
Haemodialysis
- Artificial kidney passes through patient’s blood in selectively permeable membrane tubing
- Tubing immersed in solution similar to normal plasma: as blood circulates through tubing,
wastes diffuse out of blood while buffers for H+ and glucose move from bathing solution
into blood (process removes wastes and adds important substances to blood)
- Advantages: only requires 3 medical sessions a week (4 free days), great for people
unable to do procedure themselves (eg. visual impaired, dementia, etc)
- Disadvantages: each session lasts about 4hrs, travel costs and times to clinic, restriction in
intake of fluid, dietary changes, difficult to travel, risk of low blood pressure, sepsis (blood
poisoning), muscle cramps and itchy skin
Document Summary
Process of molecules moving from area of higher concentration to a lower one. Passive process (driven by energy of molecules themselves) Can be simple (occurs without membrane protein assistance) or facilitated (assisted by membrane bound carrier protein) Larger molecule = greater force needed to move = decreased rate of diffusion. Semipermeable membrane: only select molecules can pass through (water molecules small enough to freely move through pores) Defined as gfr <60ml/min for at least 3 months. Renal failure: gfr <15ml/min (filtration formation decreases or stops completely: associated with fatigue, anorexia, nausea and muscle cramps. No effective treatments (current options = haemodialysis or kidney transplant) Artifi(cid:272)ial kid(cid:374)ey passes through patie(cid:374)t s (cid:271)lood i(cid:374) sele(cid:272)tively per(cid:373)ea(cid:271)le (cid:373)e(cid:373)(cid:271)ra(cid:374)e tu(cid:271)i(cid:374)g. Advantages: only requires 3 medical sessions a week (4 free days), great for people unable to do procedure themselves (eg. visual impaired, dementia, etc)
