BIOM2020 Study Guide - Final Guide: Scalene Muscles, Pectoralis Major Muscle, Abdomen
Document Summary
Function: breathing (pulmonary ventilation); inhalation/exhalation, gas exchange, acid balance -> dissolves co2; build up of h+ ions regulated, filters and protects respiratory surfaces from pathogens and dehydration, vocalisation -> vocal ligaments regulated by ligaments, olfaction. Upper respiratory tract: covered by pseudostratified columnar - goblet cells - mucin - mucus glands - lysozyme -> protecting. Larynx: cartilaginous structure that connects the pharynx to the trachea, contains, superior vestibular ligaments, vestibular folds: false vocal cords -> support vocal ligaments but aren"t involved in vocalisation. Alveolar pressure changes: inspiration: beginning of inspiration, contraction of muscles and increase of thoracic volume, lungs expand and alveolar volume increases, alveolar pressure decreases below barometric air pressure; causes air to flow into lungs. > p alv: end of inspiration, alveoli and thorax stop expanding, pb = palv due to air flow into lungs = no more air movement.
