SCIM1040 Study Guide - Final Guide: Cell Wall, Zygosity, Lightning
5 Jun 2018
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Department
Course
Professor
Lecture 1. The solar system- Earth and Space.
• Formation of the solar system
• 4.6 billion years ago
• Cloud of gas & dust
• Spinning- collapse under gravity.
Sun and Planets
• Sun
• SPOTS – dark/cooler regions
• TEMP -6000 ∘C (surface) 15000000∘C (core)
• GASES –hydrogen & helium
• https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/solar-system/sun/overview/
Sun and Planets
• Mercury
• Venus
• Earth
• Mars
• Jupiter + Ganymede, Io, Europa
• Saturn + rings + Titan + Enceladus
• Uranus
• Neptune + Triton
• Pluto (dwarf planet) + moons
• Kuiper Belt
• Oort Cloud
Asteroids, Comets, Meteoroids, Meteors, Meteorites
• Kuiper Belt
• region the stretch from Neptune
• Populated by icy bodies
• Comets
• ‘cosmic snowballs’ – frozen gas, water, rock, dust and organic compounds
• 750m-20km diameter
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
• Tail is made as it heats up
• Oort cloud
• No direct evidence
• Thick layer of debris (icy)
• Meteoroid – rock or metallic debris that travels in space
• Meteor – as the meteoroid travels through our atmosphere , heats up, produces light
• Meteorite- remains of meteoroid that survives the fall through the atmosphere and hits
ground
Lecture 2. The Universe and its Energy
• THE UNIVERSE
• All matter and energy
• 13.8 Billion years old
• Light years- looking back in time
• 5% KNOWN MATTER : planets/stars/dust/comets etc
• 25% DARK MATTER : mass we cannot see (unknown/invisible)
• 70% DARK ENERGY: Accounts for universe expansion
• Galaxies & Stars (inc our Sun)
• GALAXIES
• 100-500 Billion galaxies
• Galaxy = stars, gas, dust, empty space
• Vary is size & shape
• SPIRAL eg/ Andromeda, Whirlpool, Milky way (US!)
• ELLIPTICAL
• IRREGULAR eg/ large & small Magellanic cloud (blobby & can be seen from
earth)
• Galaxies & Stars (inc our Sun)
• Galaxies & Stars (inc our Sun)
• Constellations
• Star groups – form patterns
• Identified by Egyptians & Greeks
• 88 of them
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find more resources at oneclass.com
• Southern cross
• Exoplanets, Goldilocks Zone,
• Exoplanet = planet around other stars
• ~100-400 billion exoplanets estimated in the Milky Way
• ~5600 potential exoplanets detected
• Found by looking at the brightness of parent star
• Look for ‘wobble’ of gravitational pull
• Lecture 3. Energy, force, work & machines
• Energy = never created or destroyed
• Transferred from one form to another
• Energy = ABILITY TO DO WORK
• Our energy – from sun
• Stars release electromagnetic energy = visible light, heat/infrared, UV rays, X-ras,
microwaves, radio waves, gamma rays (GR= most dangerous)
• ENERGY
• HEAT Vs TEMP
• Matter has particles that move at diff speeds
• Heat = total energy of moving particle
• Faster = more heat
• Loss of heat = change of state
• in Joules
• Temp = average kinetic energy
• Celsius
• Light energy
• Light
• Supports theory of expanding universe
• Travels at 300000 km/sec
• Can be reflected
• Light energy
• Light = faster than sound eg/ see lightning first before hearing thunder.
• COLOUR SPECTRUM = refraction of white light called DISPERSION
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
