CHEM 2513 Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Chemical Bond, Electronegativity, Octet Rule
12 Oct 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
CHEM 2513
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
7th September 2078
Review :
All atoms contain apositively charged nucleus that has protons t
neutrons .surrounding it are electrons in orbitals freely charged).
Orbitals vary in energy and are arranged in shells .
We only Care about atoms in the first two rows -they contain
⑤and ④orbitals
sorbital
porbital
Orbital Arrangement .
I
5%1,5%1
III. ÷
:S ,
"
%4p 4d 4f
highest state .
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CORE e's
,
VALENCE is
Is
,
Is 2p
Gets CIt ,It 99
tes N9h I91 999
se 's 0It I9h It
I9
Iis H9I
be made
IONS .atoms that have lost Or gained electrons .
ELECTRONEGATIVITY :how much an atom wants an electron .The
measure of the ability of an atom to attract e- 's .
④Electronegativity '
-④attachment to e- 5.
Periodic table trend .EN increases up and to the right
Review .An atom always wants astable octet .With anything in them .
①always count if an octet is fulfilled
②and count the formal charge
LEWIS STRUCTURES .
STEP i. Add up total valence electrons of all atoms .
STEP aAdd or subtract charge of valence electrons .
STEP 5Draw each atom with valence electrons around it .
STEP 4:Pair electrons .
STEP s.Check Formal charge and Octet Rule
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Document Summary
All atoms contain a positively charged nucleus neutrons surrounding it are electrons in orbitals that has protons t freely charged) . And orbitals energy about and atoms are arranged in in two the first s orbital orbital p. Ions . atoms that have lost or gained electrons . Electronegativity : how much an atom wants an electron . En increases an atom to attract e- "s . to e- 5 . up and to the right. And count count if an octet is fulfilled the formal charge. Add up total valence electrons of all atoms . Step 4 : pair electrons . charge of with valence valence electrons . electrons around it. "s) - f # of e "s lone pairs) - f # of bonds ) # of e- "s : bone pair = 2 e "s bond de "s. Charge is bad ! charge makes things unstable more reactive electron missing an extra electron t ve.
