LING 1001 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Language Family, Complementary Distribution, Back-Formation
19 May 2016
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Document Summary
1 introduction; animal communication: components of language: lexicon, phonology, syntax, semantics. Things about the language that are not systematic and must be memorized. Syntax- combines words into larger units like phrases and sentences. Words are combined into phrases, according to an entirely different set of principles. Meaning of whole related to meaning of parts according to some rules duality of patterning: two layers of structure. Semantics- relates meanings of larger expressions to the meanings of their parts: design features of human language: Productivity- productivity: existing patterns can be extended to create new expressions discrete infinity : there is no finite limit on the number of messages that can be encoded in human language. Recursion-recursion: ability of categories to contain other categories of the same type. Arbitrariness of the sign- arbitrariness of the sign: connection between sound and meaning is unpredictable.
