HIST-1107EL Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Auguste Comte, Deductive Reasoning, Noble Eightfold Path
5 Dec 2020
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Rationalism: knowledge is obtained by means of reasoning, usually through deductive reasoning on the basis of innate knowledge. Reason is the source of knowledge: main applications: logic, mathematics, main proponents: plato, descartes, wolff, kant, newton. Realism: human knowledge tries to reveal real properties of the outside world, the truth if knowledge is determined by the correspondence of knowledge with the real world. Idealism: human knowledge is a construction of the mind. The content of the human mind could be fully self-generated. This would mean that science does not necessarily lead to a true understanding of the world: hume. Idealism questioned the scientific endeavor of unearthing causes and effects. Causes are never observed directly, we derive them from experiencing the co- occurrence of phenomena. Association between similarity does not guarantee that it is true. Scottish common sense idealism had gone one step too far and was alienating philosophical epistemology from science"s ongoing victory march: thomas reid:
