PSYC 213 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Coding Theory, Epiphenomenon, Episodic Memory
28 May 2018
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Department
Course
Professor
Midterm 2 Review
Memory
• No idea how consciousness arises, how memories stored & accessed in mind
• Mystic writing pad: everything that you see are added on one on top of another
o Memory traces
o Sum up to form your memory
o Never really erasing; almost all faded but still there
• Reappearance hypothesis: can access same memory as many times as want
• Now print theory: remember all details of event, like snapshot
• Flashbulb: salient emotional unique meaningful event
o Take everything in and remember it (like now print)
• Although people feel like remember all the details, confidence does not = accuracy
o Do not necessarily correlate, especially for earlier memories
o Eye witness testimonies
• Misinformation effect: car crash thing
o If ask how fast were car going with different phrasing
o Answer influenced by how phrase the question
o Event happened, told sister lie afterwards --remembers this as truth years later
• Source misattribution
• Misremember the source of an event
o Related to source amnesia
• Where forget the source
o People remember the content better than the source
• i.e. dream vs. reality
• Sleeper effect --incredible source gives information; not persuasive at the time but
later on becomes more persuasive as forget the source
• Fake news
• Decay: over time, lose memories
• Interference: proactive & retroactive
o Retroactive interference: something learning now affects sometimes backwards in time
• New phone number overrides old phone number
o Proactive interference: something in the past interfering new memory
• Call new boyfriend name of ex
• Not notices because of rationalization
• Reconsolidation: memories change every time think of it
• Serial reproduction: telephone game
• Repeated reproduction: repeatedly reproduce the story on your own (one person)
• People will rationalize stories
o Drop out details of stories that do not play role or do not make sense to them
o Try to make story make more sense
• Goldfish swallowing story
o People completely forgot that throw up on stage
o See something that completely does not make sense --as they tell story to themselves in
their head or to other, detail gets left out
