NURS 3122 Study Guide - Final Guide: Urinary Tract Infection, Ibuprofen, Hydrotherapy
21 Mar 2017
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Treatment focuses on decreasing burn fluid losses, preventing infection, controlling pain, promoting nutrition, and salvaging all viable burned tissue. Fluid replacement is necessary to maintain the cardiovascular and renal systems and to prevent hypovolemic shock in cases of major burn injury. Fluid shifts from the vasculature to the interstitial spaces (third spacing) occur soon after the burn and can result in hypovolemic shock. Fluid replacement for the first 24 hours after the injury is based on a fluid volume formula calculated from the child"s body weight, affected bsa, and normal maintenance needs. The parkland and galveston formulas are two examples used to calculate the amount of fluid needed. Parkland formula: 4 ml x body weight (kg) x percentage of total body surface area burned = total 24-hour fluid requirement in ml. Maintenance fluids must be added to the amount of fluid calculated with this formula.
