ENVS 3040 Study Guide - Final Guide: Amoebiasis, Vernonia Amygdalina, Aspilia

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Section 1: herbalism and the history of medicine. At some point in co-evolutionary history, animals began to take advantage of plant"s chemicals to protect themselves from predators and parasites to enhance their own reproductive fitness. Observed chimps: munyonga ntmebo used in people to treat stomach aches. Leaves are crushed and placed in water, drink solution or crushed leaves are used as a suppository. Saw an elephant with a stomach ache obtaining these leaves, put a bunch in his mouth, and after chewing it a bit, drew up some water and blew it into its mouth. After holding the water in its mouth together with the leaves for some time, it blew the leaves out of its nose and swallowed the water: mulengele treats diarrhea with blood. Watched a sick young porcupine ingest roots of plant and recover from symptoms. This plant also effective against syphilis, gonorrhea and aids symptoms.