MBG 2040 Study Guide - Comprehensive Final Exam Guide - Zygosity, Protein, Phenotype
20 Nov 2018
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Why study genes: genetics plays a critical role in understanding disease, genetics improve agricultural practices, genetics used biotechnology industry for drug design, development and production. Basic principles of hereditary: gregor johann mendel discovered basic principles of heredity. Pedigree assumptions: if the trait is rare and autosomal recessive than individuals who marry/mate into the pedigree are not carriers but are homozygous dominant for the normal" allele unless there is evidence to the contrary. A nonfunctional protein is produced or: 2. No protein is produced: hylomorphic alleles, 1. A poorly functional protein is produced or: 2. Reduced amounts of a normally functioning protein is produced. Incomplete dominance (semi-dominance/partial dominance: example with snapdragons, red snap dragon x white snapdragon. Codominance abo blood phenotype: gene i encodes transferase enzyme, three alleles: i^a, i^b, i. I^b encodes a transferase which adds galactose i encodes a non-functional transferase: nothing at the surface.
