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MICR 2420 Study Guide - Final Guide: Fluorescence Microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope, Metagenomics

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tealcattle906
11 Jun 2016
School
University of Guelph
Department
Microbiology
Course
MICR 2420
Professor
Lucy Mutharia

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Document Summary

What are the three domains: bacteria, archaea, eukarya. Despite being microbes, viruses are not on the tol because they"re not cells (fully functional cells). Chloroplasts and mitochondrion are related to cyanobacteria and proteobacteria, which have branches in the bacterial domain. Chloroplasts and mitochondrion are determined by whether they are cyano bacteria or proteobacteria. With metagenomics being used to sequence genomes, we are able to see the relations between one domain to another (i. e. similar sequences probably mean they have evolved from the same ancestor). The tree of life shows us the three domains, bacteria, archaea, and eukarya, and how they are derived from a single ancestor based on an ssu rrna sequence. You would use a light microscope when looking at bacterial cells. For example, we can use bright-field microscope + stained specimens. The cell will block out light and you will see it as a dark silhouette. You will also see the colour of the stain used.

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Related Questions

17. What is citizen science? a) Science projects in which scientists study citizen b) Science project in which citizens are trained to become scientists in the future c) Science projects in which the public participates by collecting data, analyzing data, or participating as subjects d) Science projects in which scientists study the nature of being a good citizen

18. When considering the evolutionary tree of life and the three domains of life, which statement best describes what likely happened over the course of millions of years of evolution? Choose one:

A. Bacterial and eukaryotic cells are more closely related to each other than to archaeans, as evidenced by the fact that bacteria and eukaryotes do not inhabit the most extreme environments.
B. Although their cell structures are very different, archaean and eukaryotic cells are more closely related to each other than to bacteria, as evidenced by the fact that Bacteria was the first domain to split from the shared ancestor of Archaea and Eukarya.

C. Bacteria and archaeans are more closely related to each other than to eukaryotes, as evidenced by their cell structures. Bacteria and archaeans are prokaryotic, while all eukaryotic cells contain mitochondria and other membrane-bound organelles.
D. The three domains of life are equally divergent from one another, so no two domains are more closely related to each other. This is supported by the evolutionary tree of life because three branches extend from one node millions of years ago.