ANBI 375.3 Study Guide - Winter 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Zoonosis, Zinc, Wood Preservation
12 Oct 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
ANBI 375.3
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Lecture 1: Intro to Domestic Animal and the Environment
Global Perspective- The Human Population
-The current human population of earth is 7.6 billion and may reach 12 billion by 2100.
Anthropocene: the current geological period (1760- present) that recognizes that during this
period, human activities have had a significant global impact on the Earth’s
ecosystem.
->50% of the world’s terrestrial surface is currently at least partly devoted to ag. uses
-1/3 of all workers on the planet are employed in ag.
-BUT ag. production accounts for <5% of the gross world product
-2008: grain prices increased 58% or more causing riots in 61 countries (drought, increased
demand, biofuel production, trade restrictions)
-Humans approx. 55% of all terrestrial photosynthesis
-Lg. areas of earth’s ag. land is seriously degraded (around >40%)
Canadian Perspective
-<1% of all Canadians are farmers
-About 193492 farms in Canada = decreasing dramatically
-Meat production in Canada (beef, hogs, veal, lamb) represent 27% of farm cash receipts
Positive and negative impacts of animal production with respect to the environment:
Positive:
- Provide fertilizer through manure
- Land use: using cattle on land that would not be useful
- Moderate grazing benefits a higher productivity in grasses
- Maintain diverse species ie. goats, pigs are more relevant in Sask.
- Livestock control noxious weeds
- We can feed by-products of canola to cows
Negative:
- Deforestation
- Methane and CO2 production increases due to the production of animals
- Neutrofication: overuse/misuse of N & P
- Overgrazing
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Lecture 2: Tying it All Together: Environmental Farm
Planning
Agri- Environmental Schemes: payments (tax, interest concessions) to farmers and other
landholders to address environmental problems and/or promote the provision of environmental
amenities made for:
- Specific farming practices (organic)
- Resource retirement (set aside & forestation of ag. land)
- Investment in farm structure/equipment and habitat restoration in order to adopt more
environmentally friendly farming practices
—> put up shelters, keep trees, don’t drain wetlands
Walker ton Tragedy: contamination of the water supply in Walkerton, ON by highly dangerous
0157:H7 strain of E.coli bacteria in May 2000
- From farm runoff into an adjacent well known for yrs. to be vulnerable to contamination.
- Total cost of >$100 million
Canada- Sk. Farm Stewardship Program
-To be eligible, must have environmental farm plan certificate of enforcement from the PCAB,
or the FNACS or AEGP
PCAB: Provincial Council of Ag. Development and Diversification Boards
FNACS: First Nations Ag. Council of Sask.
AEGP: Statement of Completion from an Agri-Environmental Group Plan
-Tot. funding max. of $50 000 each
-Funding can be pooled by more than 1 producer for lg. infrastructure projects such as manure
storage or relocation of intensive livestock operations.
Environmental Farm Plans in Canada
-Provincial EFP programs across Canada, some of which have been in existence for more
than a decade.
Sask. Environmental Farm Plan & GF2
-GF2 is a 5 yr. (2013-2018) policy framework for Canada’s ag. and agri-food sector.
GF2: Growing Forward 2
-A $3 bill investment by federal provincial and territorial (FPT) governments and the foundation
for govern. ag. programs and services.
-Programs will help farmers in managing risk due to severe market volatility and disaster
situations. Also help the industry in its efforts to research, develop and implement new ag. risk
management tools.
-EFP(environmental farm plan): voluntary, confidential, self-assessment tools used by
producers that raise awareness about enviro. risks and opportunities on their operations.
- Producers develop their own action plans to identify management practices that can
reduce enviro. risk on their operations
- Open to anyone in ag.
- VOLUNTARY
- Increase awareness of envrio. issues
- Fencing
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Lecture 1: intro to domestic animal and the environment. The current human population of earth is 7. 6 billion and may reach 12 billion by 2100. Anthropocene: the current geological period (1760- present) that recognizes that during this period, human activities have had a signi cant global impact on the earth"s ecosystem. >50% of the world"s terrestrial surface is currently at least partly devoted to ag. uses. 1/3 of all workers on the planet are employed in ag. But ag. production accounts for <5% of the gross world product. 2008: grain prices increased 58% or more causing riots in 61 countries (drought, increased demand, biofuel production, trade restrictions) Lg. areas of earth"s ag. land is seriously degraded (around >40%) About 193492 farms in canada = decreasing dramatically. Meat production in canada (beef, hogs, veal, lamb) represent 27% of farm cash receipts. Positive and negative impacts of animal production with respect to the environment:
