MCIM 326 Study Guide - Final Guide: P1 Phage, Helper Virus, Reciprocal Cross

Hello, For Microbiology 12th Edition. This Wednesday I have anExam on Chapter 1- The Microbial World and you, Chapter 4-Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic, Chapter 8-Microbial Genetics. Are there chapter reviews we can study thesechapter or a way to grasp what each chapter is about?

1. (2 pts) Which of the following mechanisms transfers DNA from only a very specific region of the chromosome?

a. conjugation

b. generalized transduction

c. specialized transduction

d. transformation

2. Given what you know about Horizontal gene transfer, why might all of the genes required for a useful but non-essential function (such as degradation of a man-made pollutant or pathogenicity genes) tend to cluster together in a chromosome?

3. You are using molecular systematics to study microbial evolution. Which genes might you use to determine whether gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria evolved first?

a. the gene for lipopolysaccharide

b. 16S rRNA gene

c. the gene for teichoic acids

d. the gene for the S-layer

4. Choose the process or entity responsible for a gene moving from one place to another in the genome.

a. conjugation

b. insertion sequences

c. specialized transduction

d. transformation

5. Which of the following differs between lytic and lysogenic phage?

a. Mutation can make lysogenic phage unable to replicate.

b. Lytic phage must attach to the outside of the cell.

c. Lysogenic phage can be vertically transmitted from one bacteria generation to the next, as the bacteria copies its genome during cell replication

d. Lytic phage lyse open the host cell.

Words Beginning With "Trans-" Match the definitions with the words that are used in medical and biological terminology.

A translation

B transition

C transfusion

D transamination

E transmission

F transformation

G transposon

H transversion

I transcription

J transduction

1. In public health, the movement of an infectious disease from one host to another, as in "the mode of trans_______."

2. In molecular biology, the synthesis of protein by a ribosome that is reading a strand of mRNA.

3. In genetics, a type of point mutation that results in the change of a purine to a pyrimidine.

4. In genetics, a type of point mutation that results in the change of a purine to the other purine.

5. In medicine, when blood or plasma is taken from a human donor and given IV to a patient

6. In bacterial genetics, when a bacterial strain acquires DNA that came from the genome of another cell but is packaged in a defective bacteriophage particle.