PHSI 208 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Enteric Nervous System, Sympathetic Nervous System, Cerebrospinal Fluid
Document Summary
Homeostasis: the ability to maintain a relatively stable environment. Negative feedback loops: a pathway in which the response opposes or removes the signal. Positive feedback loops: reinforce a stimulus to drive the system away from a normal value rather than decreasing or removing it. Feedforward control: predicts when a change is about to occur. Integral proteins (transmembrane and lipid anchored)- wide variety of functions. Sphingolipids- lipid anchored proteins commonly attached to them. Peripheral proteins- attached to the integral proteins participate in cell signalling and attachment of cytoskeleton. Cholesterol- positioned between phosolipid heads to add flexibility and help make membrane permeable to small water-soluble molecules. Osmosis: the movement of water across a membrane in response to solute. Osmosis: the movement of water across a membrane in response to solute concentration gradient. Osmolarity: the number of particles in the solution. Ex) 1m glucose x 1 osmole/mole glucose = 1 osm glucose. Hyperosmotic: describes the soultion with the higher osmolarity.
