CHEM266 Study Guide - Final Guide: Sulfonyl Halide, Alkoxide, Aldehyde
12 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
Hydrogen atom and leaving group (lg) are eliminated from the substrate to form an alkene product. Stability of alkenes increases with increasing alkyl substituents (tetrasubstituted > trisubstituted > disubstituted > monosubstituted) E2 reaction is bimolecular (two species are involved in the rate-determining step, the acid or electrophile, and the base or nucleophile) Involves removal of a hydrogen atom on the carbon and the loss of a lg on the carbon these two steps occur at the same time this reaction is concerted. Sideways overlap of two p orbitals is required for the bond to form in the alkene product, so an anti- coplanar transition state is needed. Rotation about the c -c bond may be necessary. Both zaitsev and hoffman reaction pathways are under kinetic control, only difference is whether the thermodynamically more favourable alkene is formed or not. Sn2 reaction occurs between a substrate and nucleophile, e2 reaction occurs between substrate and base.
