PSYCH101 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Temporal Lobe, Saltatory Conduction, Naloxone

• School: University of Waterloo
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSYCH101
• Professor: Paul Wehr

Document Summary

Long answer questions 2: identify and explain the three criteria for establishing cause-and-effect relationships between variables. Discuss the ability to satisfy these criteria when using correlational and experimental designs. To establish a strong cause and effect relationship between variables and prove the correlation. 3 criteria must be met: temporal precedence, covariation, and alternate (confounding) explanations must be eliminated. Temporal precedence refers to the concept that the cause must precede the effect. This ensures the base for a correlation no matter how strong. Covariation explains that the cause (independent variable) and effect (dependent variable) must occur at the same time. Alternative explanations must be eliminated to ensure no other causes for the effect are in play. An example would be a loud noise scaring a baby making it cry. The loud noise occurs before the crying and roughly at the same time.