BIOL 112 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Chemical Polarity, Non-Covalent Interactions, Electron Acceptor
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BIOL 112 Full Course Notes
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Other minerals/elements- calcium ions, mg ions, zn ions- cofactors for proteins. Oxygen- from air or another terminal electron acceptor. Sulfur- protein structure: fatty acid+glycerol to lipids (tricylglyceral); covalent bond- ester linkage, monosaccharide to polysaccharide (carbohydrates); glycosidic bond, amino acids to polypeptides; peptide bond, nuceotides to nucleic acids; phosphodiester bond (3" oh bonds with 5"p) Lipids: monomers have different structure, can only form so many bonds- others are extensible. Polarity of bond: unequal charge distribution between two atoms. Polarity of molecules: unequal charge over a whole molecule (water) Structural polarity- n terminus being different than c terminus, two ends chemically different. Extended by an addition of amino acyl residue to c terminus of polypeptide. Once assembled, single molecule can work with others. Molecules with complementary shapes and chemistry (bond polarity, charge) have more. How: based on electronegativity and bonding of atoms. Covalent bonds set stage for different types of noncovalent bonds to happen.
