BIOL 234 Study Guide - Final Guide: Reading Frame, Nature Genetics, Synonymous Substitution
Document Summary
Somatic cells- regular cells: has two genes. Gametes= sex cells: one individual gamete enter to form zygote. Must have complementary shapes and charges of bases. Cg- stronger- therefore if have dna with more- will be more stable- harder to denature. Dna have different bases- that code for 20 different amino acid- which are building blocks for proteins. Has major and minor grooves- to form stable form= stacking of bases in double helix. Stacking of bases in antiparallel strands= gives dna its shape. Semiconservative- double helix of each daughter cell has one strand for mother and one strand from new synthesis. Rna- carry information in dna from nucleus to cytoplasm. Cytoplasm where the proteins are made: genes are regulated: Have regulatory elements- that regulate gene expression turn on or off genes. =specific dna sequences regulatory protein binds to dna sequence then protein can activate or supress expression of gene.
