BIOL 260 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Photorespiration, Parietal Cell, Antiporter
Document Summary
Proton gradient is a way to restore energy. Transporter can move solutes against the concentration gradient. The energy of the proton is transferred to the sugar to allow it to move against a concentration gradient. Similar to glucose uptake in animal cells. Animal cells have k+/na+ pump instead of atp pump, but same fundamental mechanism. Dead space is all about breathing stale air. Any question about a breathing through a long tube/long neck involves dead space and stale air. Rhythm is initiated in the sa node conducts through the atrium to the av node (travels through gap junctions causing atrium to contract), to bundles of his and purkinje fibers, then back up from cell to cell. If bundles of his are damaged, atrium will still contract normally, but then the ventricles will not get a signal so will not contract normally.
