PSYC 2060U Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Classical Conditioning, Arachnophobia, Operant Conditioning Chamber
Document Summary
Learning: any relatively permanent change in behaviour resulting from experience, does not include changes caused by motivation, fatigue, maturation, disease, injury, or drugs. Reinforcement: any event that increases the probability that a response will occur. Response: any identifiable behaviour, internal: faster heartbeat, observable: eating, scratching. Reflex: an innate, automatic (non-learned) response to a stimulus (for example, an eye-blink) Classical conditioning: a form of learning in which reflex responses are associated with new stimuli. Operant conditioning: learning based on the consequences of the response. Response may be followed: by a reinforcer (such as food), or by punishment, or by nothing. Contiguity: associations are only formed when events occur together. Frequency: the more often two (or more) events occur together, the stronger the association will be. Acquisition: training period when a response is reinforced. Higher order conditioning: a conditioned stimulus is used to reinforce further learning. Informational view: perspective that explains learning in terms of information imparted by events in the environment.
