[BIO152H5] - Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes fot the exam (42 pages long!)
Document Summary
Base substitution in dna is missense mutation. Mutations: change in dna sequence, linked to evolution mutations are new source of information: natural selection works on variation, any change is dna hereditary or a source of variation is mutation. Macromolecules: all living organisms share these macromolecules as building blocks of life. Lipids: carbon containing compounds that are largely non-polar and hydrophobic (water- hating/fearing: saturated/unsaturated, hydrophobic head, hydrophilic tail, non-polar, a lot of energy is stored in ester bonds. Fats: large molecules assembled from smaller molecules (dehydration synthesis) removal of water: tri-glyceride: 3 fatty acid chains attached to a glycerol molecule. Unsaturated fats: less than the maximum # of h bonds, bent shape: bends, carbon-carbon double bonds, liquid at room temperature. Fish oil is an unsaturated fat exception! Fats are a combination of double/single bonds. Fats function: energy storage, insulation, fat-layer around organs for protection. Important source of nutrients: long-term energy storage.
