BIO153H5 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Cyanobacteria, Autotroph, Safranin
Document Summary
Prokaryotes can tolerate extreme ass conditions heat/cold/whatever etc. 27. 1 : structural and functional adaptations contribute to prokaryotic success. First organisms to inhabit earth most likely proks. Probs were subjected to a shit ton of natural selection leading to diversity today. Proks got various distinctive shapes spherical (cocci diplo, strepto, staphl, rod-shaped (bacilli), spiral) Typically got diameters of 0. 5 5 um except thiomagarita namibiensis. Key feature niggas got a cell wall maintains cell shape, protects cell and prevents it from bursting in a hypertonic environment. Hypertonic environment proks looseeeee waterrrr and shrink away from cell wall (plasmolyze) Cell walls of proks differ in structure from euks. Euks plants/fungi walls usually made of cellulose or chitin. Most bacterial cell walls contain peptidoglycan polymer made of sugars crossed by short polypeptides. Peptidoglycan encloses entire bacterium and anchors other molecules that extends from its surface. Anchor cell walls contain a variety of polysaccharides and proteins but lack peptidoglycan.
