PSY230H5 Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Variance, Extraversion And Introversion, Conscientiousness
PSY230H5
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Relevance of lecture 1
Review course outline
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Give broad overview of personality psychology
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What is Personality Psychology?
Cognitive psychology: The science of basic cognitive
processes (e.g., memory, attention, and perception).
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Basic ways that the human brain processes information
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Neuropsychology: The science of the connection
between the brain and the mind
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Brain processes
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Social psychology: The science of social influences on
psychological processes (group processes,
social influence).
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How we relate to other people, how we form relationships
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Developmental psychology: The science of changes in
psychological processes over the life span.
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How to experiences shape a persons development
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How does personality psychology differ from other disciplines in psychology?
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Personality psychology focuses mostly on individual differences that are
normal and healthy.
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For example,
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extraversion helps to build social relationships
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introversion helps people to study and get bored less easily
Two Approaches to Understanding Personality
Idiographic versus Nomothetic Approach
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The idiographic (person-centered) approach:
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- focuses on one individual at a time,
Week 1: Basic Introductions/ Correlations &
Reliability
Tuesday, September 4, 2018
9:02 AM
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- focuses on one individual at a time,
- tries to understand an individual’s actions from the individual’s
characteristics.
The nomothetic (variable-centered) approach
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- A focus on the relation between individual differences in one variable (e.g.,
shyness) and another variable (e.g., age of marriage).
Ideographic Approach
Examples
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Biographies of famous people (e.g., Winston Churchill)
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Self-exploration
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“Why did I become a professor of psychology?”
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“Why am I taking PSY230?”
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Advantages
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more complete understanding of a single individual
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great for important people
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Disadvantages
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Subjective (e.g., influenced by biographer)
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difficult to test scientifically
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Insights do not generalize to other individuals.
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Not good for everyday people like you and me.
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Nomothetic Approach
Example
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find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Cognitive psychology: the science of basic cognitive processes (e. g. , memory, attention, and perception): basic ways that the human brain processes information. Neuropsychology: the science of the connection between the brain and the mind: brain processes. Social psychology: the science of social influences on psychological processes (group processes, social influence): how we relate to other people, how we form relationships. Developmental psychology: the science of changes in psychological processes over the life span: how to experiences shape a persons development. Focuses on one individual at a time, Tries to understand an individual"s actions from the individual"s characteristics. A focus on the relation between individual differences in one variable (e. g. , shyness) and another variable (e. g. , age of marriage). Examples: biographies of famous people (e. g. , winston churchill, self-exploration, why did i become a professor of psychology? , why am i taking psy230? . Advantages: more complete understanding of a single individual, great for important people.
