APS112H1 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Command Center, Project Manager, Scientific Method
8 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
ESP$II$Midterm$Notes$
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TOOLS%FOR%ORGANIZING%
Forming$stage:!
- stage!where!team!first!time!comes!together!!
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Team$charter$/$team$beliefs$/$team$rules:$$
- set!of!behaviors!that!team!agree!to!govern!their!interaction!
!
Agendas$/$Minutes:$
- help!keep!team!on!track!and!moving!forward!
!
Storming$stage:!
- review!rules!frequently!
- address!issues!as!soon!as!possible!
!
4!Process!to!negotiate!conflicts:!
1. separate!“people”!from!the!“problem”!
2. focus!on!“interests”!not!“positions”!
3. develop!solutions!that!benefits!everyone!
4. define!effective!performance!measures!
!
Most!common!methods:!Consensus!/!Voting!
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Executive$decision:!
- the!person!makes!individual!decision!on!behalf!of!the!team!
- every!has!to!agree!whatever!the!person!decides!to!do!
!
#norming!
use!agendas,!minutes,!and!status!reports!to!improve!team!performances!
!
ENGINEERING%COMMUNICATION%
Engineering$communication!
- subset!of!communication!in!general!
- as!unambiguous!as!possible!
- does!not!attempt!to!persuade!the!reader!by!appealing!to!emotions!through!dramatic!
and!figurative!language!
- “flowery!language”!is!strong!discourage!
!
Style$guide:$
- set!of!specific!instructions!for!formatting!and!language!appropriate!to!certain!
situation!
- not!about!right!or!wrong!grammar!rules!
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Professional$Voice!
- learning!how!to!communicate!appropriately!with!business!people,!engineers,!and!
other!professionals!
- avoid!slang!expression!that!are!value-laden!and!may!reflect!bias!
- when!a!number!starts!a!sentence,!it!is!always!written!as!a!word!
- figurative!language!is!discouraged!in!engineering!writing!
!
Figurative$language:$
- what!it!implies!is!more!important!what!it!directly!says!
• simile!
• metaphor!!
ex:!user-friendly,!environmentally!friendly!
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INFLUENCES%OF%COMMUNICATION%
3!major!influences!of!communication:!
1. what!is!said!(word)!
2. how!it!is!said!(tone)!
3. what!the!communication!looks!like!(body!language)!
!
body!language!>!tone!>!word!(text)!
!
Word$/$Text$
- stay!away!from!abbreviation!and!slang!language!
- use!off-color!language!
!
Tone$
- proofread!communication!from!the!reader’s!perspective!$
!
Body$language$
- neither!lean!forward!or!backward!and!little!expression!à!make!people!
uncomfortable!and!confuse!them!
- professional!formatting!the!material,!neatly!written,!proofread,!use!proper!
reference!
- eye!contact!is!important!
!
PROJECT%MANAGEMENT%
Project$management:$
- ordering!the!activities!and!resources!in!the!project!
!
Gantt$chart:$
- typical!representation!of!a!plan!for!project!management!
• unit!of!work:!task!
• time:!duration!
• people!/!equipment:!resources!
• immediate!predecessor:!predecessor!
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$
Task$
- work!done!for!task!is!closely!interrelated!
- testable!outcome!
- requires!interconnected!set!of!resources!
- duration!is!known!and!complete!in!one!monitoring!cycle!
- people!and!equipment!involved!in!the!task!is!required!for!entire!execution!time!of!
task!
- task!will!utilize!special!competence!of!the!person!/!group!
!
Task$Order$
- task!not!linked!with!predecessors!can!be!done!any!time!if!there!are!resources!to!do!!
- can!use!PERT!(Program!Evaluation!and!Review!Technique)!chart!and!Network!
Diagram!
!
Milestones!
- work!flow!particular!note!because!they!indicate!well-defined!checkpoint!in!the!
execution!of!the!project!
- zero-duration!task!that!marks!the!end!of!a!well-defined!stage!in!the!project!
!
Resources!
- can!be!people,!equipment,!consumables,!project!materials,!or!financial!
!
Project$plan$
- heart!of!project!management!
- describes!what!will!be!done!in!the!project,!the!order!of!tasks,!time!scheduling!of!the!
task,!cost!and!resources!involved!with!the!task!
- consists!work!schedule!(Gantt!chart),!cost!schedule,!and!resource!schedule!
!
Gateways$
- milestones!where!decisions!made!to!proceed!the!project!is!made!
- ways!of!bringing!accountability!to!the!project!
- decisions!may!be!made!to!terminate!the!project!(due!to!financial!or!other!issues)!
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Trade-off$
- one!factor!can!be!improved!at!the!expense!of!another!
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Document Summary
Forming stage: stage where team first time comes together. Team charter / team beliefs / team rules: set of behaviors that team agree to govern their interaction. Help keep team on track and moving forward. 4 process to negotiate conflicts: separate people from the problem , focus on interests not positions , develop solutions that benefits everyone, define effective performance measures. Executive decision: the person makes individual decision on behalf of the team. Every has to agree whatever the person decides to do. #norming use agendas, minutes, and status reports to improve team performances. Does not attempt to persuade the reader by appealing to emotions through dramatic and figurative language. Style guide: set of specific instructions for formatting and language appropriate to certain situation. Not about right or wrong grammar rules. Professional voice learning how to communicate appropriately with business people, engineers, and other professionals. Avoid slang expression that are value-laden and may reflect bias.
