BIOL 150B Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Lipid Bilayer, Passive Transport, Membrane Transport

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purplebee451

15 Jan 2019

School

University of Victoria

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL 150B

Professor

Beaulieu

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Document Summary

The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as consisting of two layers of phospholipids with protein sandwiched between them. A special balloon permeable to water but not sucrose is used to make an "artificial cell. " The balloon is filled with a solution of 20% sucrose and 80% water and is immersed in a beaker containing a solution of 40% sucrose and 60% water. The solution in the balloon is __________ relative to the solution in the beaker. Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires __________ and moves a substance. Oxygen crosses a plasma membrane by passive transport. Osmosis can be defined as the diffusion of water. Most of the functions of a cell membrane, including transport and enzymatic function, are performed by proteins. Relaying a message from a membrane receptor to a molecule that preforms a specific function within a cell is called signal transduction. Phagocytosis is to eating as pinocytosis is to drinking.

Related Questions

Read the following scenarios and indicate which of the following processes they describe.

11. Sodium molecules move randomly around a solution of sodium chloride in water, frequently colliding with other sodium ions and chloride ions. secondary active transport diffusion osmosis facilitated diffusion primary active transport

12. Sodium ions (Na+) move through sodium channels in a synthetic membrane. primary active transport secondary active transport facilitated diffusion osmosis

13. Water molecules move into the cytosol of a cell placed in a hypotonic solution. primary active transport secondary active transport facilitated diffusion osmosis

14. Water molecules move into the cytosol of a cell placed in pure water. facilitated diffusion osmosis secondary active transport primary active transport

15. Water molecules move out of a cell placed in a hypertonic solution. facilitated diffusion primary active transport secondary active transport osmosis

16. The action of sodium-potassium pumps moves sodium ions (Na+) out of a cell and potassium ions (K+) into a cell. facilitated diffusion secondary active transport osmosis primary active transport

17. Glucose molecules move into cells lining the intestine against their concentration gradient driven by the movement of sodium ions (Na+) into the cells down their concentration gradient. osmosis secondary active transport primary active transport facilitated diffusion

18. A beaker of water is separated by a selectively permeable membrane that allows the passage of water but not ions. A solution of 4% sodium chloride (NaCl) is placed on one side of the membrane and pure water is placed on the other side of the membrane. The solutions are allowed to equilibrate. At this point, which process is going on? facilitated diffusion osmosis secondary active transport primary active transport

amaranthelk944

Explain the cell theory; know the three basic tenets of the theory.

All cells have to carry out certain functions, what do all cells have in common?

Compare/contrast an Eukaryotic vs a Prokaryotic cell type.

Understand the concept of selective toxicity. What do all effective targets of an antimicrobial agent have in common? What are some characteristics of Prokaryotic cells that can be targeted?

Explain the unity and diversity of prokaryotic cells in terms of evolutionary theories.

Describe the three basic shapes (morphologies) of bacteria.

What are the functions of the plasma membrane, how does the structure of the plasma membrane aid in carrying out these functions?

Describe the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane. Draw out the plasma membrane, include the phospholipid bilayer (indicating polar/hydrophilic and nonpolar/hydrophobic components) and peripheral and integral proteins. Also indicate the intracellular (cytoplasmic) and extracellular regions.

What are the functions of the components of the plasma membrane? Phospholipids, proteins?

Transport. Compare/contrast the following mechanisms of transport in terms of the types of molecules transported, with or against the concentration gradient, if any Energy input is required, if a transport molecule is involved, and if Euk and or Prok use this mechanism.

Osmosis (explain the role of aquaporins)

Diffusion

Facilitated Diffusion

Active transport (proton motive force / ATP binding cassette system)

Group translocation

Which is the only substance involved in osmosis?

alcohol

salt

sugar

water

If a solution outside of a cell has a lower concentration of solutes inside of a cell, it is referred to as what?

hypotonic

facilitated

hypertonic

isotonic

In an electron microscope, what type of cells are used?

dead, but fresh cells

live and fresh cells

dead, processed cells

live, processed cells

Which model best describes the observations and functions of the plasma membrane?

phospholipid bilayer

cell membrane

fluid mosaic model

nuclear envelope

BIOL 150B Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Lipid Bilayer, Passive Transport, Membrane Transport

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